Capacitor and Dielectrics

Physics
Class 12
3D model
English · Hindi

Capacitor and Dielectrics: a 3D model for Class 12 Physics, covering A capacitor is two conductors with an insulator between; it stores charges +Q and −Q and the energy of their field., Capacitance C = Q/V. For parallel plates C = ε₀A/d: bigger plates and a smaller gap give a larger capacitance., Between charged parallel plates the field is uniform, E = σ/ε₀, pointing from the positive to the negative plate., A dielectric in the field polarises: induced charges on its faces oppose the field and reduce it by the factor κ., With a dielectric filling the gap the capacitance rises to κC₀; at the same voltage the plates hold κ times more charge..

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Also called

capacitor · parallel plate capacitor · capacitance · dielectric · dielectric constant · permittivity · charging a capacitor · electric field between plates · series combination · parallel combination · energy stored in a capacitor · polarisation · discharge · farad · C = Q/V · संधारित्र · धारिता · परावैद्युत · समांतर पट्टिका संधारित्र

Topics

A capacitor is two conductors with an insulator between; it stores charges +Q and −Q and the energy of their field.
Capacitance C = Q/V. For parallel plates C = ε₀A/d: bigger plates and a smaller gap give a larger capacitance.
Between charged parallel plates the field is uniform, E = σ/ε₀, pointing from the positive to the negative plate.
A dielectric in the field polarises: induced charges on its faces oppose the field and reduce it by the factor κ.
With a dielectric filling the gap the capacitance rises to κC₀; at the same voltage the plates hold κ times more charge.
Capacitors in series: 1/C = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂, less than either alone; in parallel: C = C₁ + C₂.
The energy stored is ½CV² = Q²/2C; shorting the plates releases it in a flash of spark, light and heat.

About this model

A GLB file of about 430 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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