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Separating Mixtures: Distillation and Centrifugation

  • Science
  • Class 9
  • 3D model
  • English

Separating Mixtures: Distillation and Centrifugation: a 3D model for Class 9 Science, covering Salt water is a solution: the salt is dissolved and spread evenly, so it cannot be filtered or spun out, Distillation works because water is volatile and salt is not: water boils off, the vapour carries no salt…, The thermometer bulb sits at the side-arm opening to read the temperature of the vapour leaving (100 °C for water), In the condenser, cooling water flows in at the lower port and out at the upper port through a separate jacket…, The distillate collected equals the water lost from the flask (idealised, no losses).

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Also called

distillation · simple distillation · distillation of salt water · Liebig condenser · condenser cooling water · centrifugation · centrifuge · balancing a centrifuge · pellet and supernatant · separation of mixtures · solution and suspension · volatile and non-volatile · is matter around us pure

Topics

  • Salt water is a solution: the salt is dissolved and spread evenly, so it cannot be filtered or spun out
  • Distillation works because water is volatile and salt is not: water boils off, the vapour carries no salt…
  • The thermometer bulb sits at the side-arm opening to read the temperature of the vapour leaving (100 °C for water)
  • In the condenser, cooling water flows in at the lower port and out at the upper port through a separate jacket…
  • The distillate collected equals the water lost from the flask (idealised, no losses)
  • A suspension has insoluble particles that are denser than the liquid…
  • Centrifuge tubes must be loaded in equal-mass pairs in opposite slots; an unpaired or unequal load is not started
  • The pellet forms at each tube's outer end (pressed against the outer wall)…
  • Simulation only, not a laboratory protocol; particle and vapour markers are symbols, particle views are not to scale…

About this model

A GLB file of about 1762 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Round-bottom flask, thermometer, centrifuge housing/lid/knob, centrifuge tube and beaker meshes: 'Lab Assets' by MilkAndBanana (OpenGameArt, CC0 1.0). Condenser, still head, adapter, burner, stands, hoses, rotor, rack, balance, liquids, markers, particle views and all animation: authored for Lably. | CC0 1.0 (lab-equipment source meshes by MilkAndBanana); all other geometry and the animation newly authored for Lably

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