DNA Fingerprinting: Gel Electrophoresis

Also called

DNA fingerprinting · gel electrophoresis · VNTR · variable number tandem repeats · restriction enzyme · agarose gel · Southern blotting · DNA probe · autoradiography · Alec Jeffreys · forensic DNA · DNA bands · satellite DNA · paternity test · डीएनए फिंगरप्रिंटिंग · जेल वैद्युतकणसंचलन · प्रतिबंधन एंजाइम

Topics

• DNA fingerprinting, developed by Alec Jeffreys, compares the DNA of people to identify them.
• It uses VNTRs: short DNA sequences repeated in tandem; the number of repeats differs from person to person.
• Restriction enzymes cut the DNA at fixed sites, so people with different VNTRs get fragments of different lengths.
• The fragments are loaded into wells of an agarose gel and an electric current is passed.
• DNA is negatively charged, so the fragments move towards the anode (+) through the gel.
• The gel acts as a sieve: small fragments move farther than large ones, which sort into bands.
• In Southern blotting the bands are transferred from the gel onto a nylon membrane.
• A labelled VNTR probe binds only matching bands, which then show up on an X-ray film.
• If a suspect’s bands match the crime-scene sample band for band, the DNA came from the same person.

About this model

A GLB file of about 580 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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