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DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation

  • Biology
  • Class 12
  • 3D model
  • English

DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation: a 3D model for Class 12 Biology, covering DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase can only add a nucleotide to an existing 3' end, so every new strand grows 5' to 3', The two strands of DNA are antiparallel: one runs 5' to 3', its partner 3' to 5', Replication is semiconservative: each daughter duplex has one parental strand and one new strand, At the fork the leading strand is made continuously toward the fork…, Primase makes RNA primers; DNA polymerase I replaces them with DNA; DNA ligase seals the nicks.

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Also called

dna replication · replication fork · semiconservative replication · leading strand · lagging strand · okazaki fragments · helicase · primase · rna primer · dna polymerase · dna ligase · transcription · rna polymerase · template strand · coding strand · mrna · translation · protein synthesis · ribosome · trna · codon · anticodon · start codon · stop codon · release factor · peptide bond · central dogma · molecular basis of inheritance · b-dna · 1bna · 5 prime 3 prime · antiparallel strands · base pairing

Topics

  • DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase can only add a nucleotide to an existing 3' end, so every new strand grows 5' to 3'
  • The two strands of DNA are antiparallel: one runs 5' to 3', its partner 3' to 5'
  • Replication is semiconservative: each daughter duplex has one parental strand and one new strand
  • At the fork the leading strand is made continuously toward the fork…
  • Primase makes RNA primers; DNA polymerase I replaces them with DNA; DNA ligase seals the nicks
  • DNA pairs A with T and G with C; RNA uses U instead of T, so U pairs with A
  • In transcription the template strand is read 3' to 5' and RNA is made 5' to 3'…
  • The ribosome reads mRNA 5' to 3' one codon at a time; tRNA anticodons pair with codons…
  • AUG codes for Met and starts translation; GCU codes for Ala; UAA is a stop signal read by a release factor…
  • A wrong base or a wrong anticodon cannot form the right hydrogen-bonded pair and is rejected

About this model

A GLB file of about 1429 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: B-DNA fragment: PDB 1BNA (Drew, Wing, Takano, Broka, Tanaka, Itakura and Dickerson, 1981), RCSB PDB, CC0 1.0. Letters: helvetiker typeface from three.js. All other geometry and motion: made for Lably. | CC BY 4.0 (model by Lably). Contains 1BNA atom coordinates from the RCSB PDB, CC0 1.0.

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