Ecological Succession

Also called

primary succession · secondary succession · pioneer species · climax community · lichens on bare rock · xerarch succession · hydrarch succession · sere · seral stages · pond to forest · bare rock · mosses · reed swamp · marsh meadow · पारिस्थितिक अनुक्रमण · अग्रगामी प्रजाति · चरम समुदाय

Topics

• Succession is the gradual and fairly predictable change in the species of an area, ending in a climax community.
• Primary succession starts where no life existed before: bare rock, cooled lava or a newly formed pond.
• Secondary succession starts where life was removed but soil remains, so it is much faster.
• On bare rock the pioneers are lichens: they secrete acids that weather the rock and leave the first soil.
• Mosses follow and hold more soil; then herbs and grasses, shrubs and finally trees, each stage changing the habitat.
• Succession in dry areas is xerarch and in water hydrarch; both move towards a medium (mesic) climax community.
• As a pond fills in, plankton give way to rooted and floating plants, reed swamp, marsh meadow, scrub and forest.
• The climax community stays in near equilibrium with its environment; a disturbance starts succession again.

About this model

A GLB file of about 549 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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