Respiration in the Mitochondrion

Also called

aerobic respiration · mitochondrion · glycolysis · pyruvate · Krebs cycle · citric acid cycle · TCA cycle · electron transport chain · oxidative phosphorylation · ATP synthase · chemiosmosis · NADH · FADH2 · cristae · matrix · ATP yield · श्वसन · माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया · क्रेब्स चक्र

Topics

• Glycolysis in the cytoplasm splits one glucose into two pyruvate, giving 2 ATP and 2 NADH.
• Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix and loses CO₂ to become acetyl CoA, releasing NADH.
• In the Krebs cycle each acetyl CoA is oxidised in the matrix: 2 CO₂, 3 NADH, 1 FADH₂ and 1 ATP (GTP) per turn.
• NADH and FADH₂ hand their electrons to complexes on the inner membrane: the electron transport chain.
• Electrons pass from complex to complex to oxygen, the final acceptor, which joins protons to form water.
• The complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space, building a gradient across the inner membrane.
• Protons flow back through ATP synthase and spin it; this oxidative phosphorylation makes most of the ATP.
• One glucose yields about 36–38 ATP in aerobic respiration, against only 2 from glycolysis alone.

About this model

A GLB file of about 730 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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