Plant Kingdom Ladder

Also called

plant kingdom · plantae · thallophyta · bryophyta · pteridophyta · gymnosperms · angiosperms · algae · moss · fern · pine · flowering plants · vascular tissue · naked seeds · fruit · classification of plants · amphibians of the plant kingdom · पादप जगत · शैवाल · अनावृतबीजी

Topics

• Plants are grouped by body design: first no organs, then stems and leaves, then vessels, then seeds, then fruit.
• Thallophyta (algae such as Spirogyra) have a simple body with no roots, stems or leaves and mostly live in water.
• Bryophyta (mosses) were the first plants on land, but with no vascular tissue they stay small and need a wet home.
• Pteridophyta (ferns) have roots, stems and leaves with xylem and phloem, so water is carried up and they grow tall.
• Bryophytes and pteridophytes have hidden reproductive organs and make spores, not seeds; they are called cryptogams.
• Gymnosperms such as pine bear naked seeds on the scales of cones; the seeds have no fruit around them.
• Angiosperms are flowering plants: their seeds develop inside the ovary, which becomes a fruit.
• Each step up the ladder keeps the features of the step below and adds a new one.

About this model

A GLB file of about 648 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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