Sublimation, Chromatography, Separating Funnel

Also called

sublimation · chromatography · paper chromatography · separating funnel · separation of mixtures · camphor and salt · ammonium chloride sublimes · ink on filter paper · oil and water · immiscible liquids · china dish · inverted funnel · solvent front · dyes in ink · ऊर्ध्वपातन · क्रोमैटोग्राफी · पृथक्कारी कीप

Topics

• Sublimation is a solid turning straight into vapour on heating, and the vapour turning back to solid on cooling.
• Camphor, ammonium chloride and iodine sublime; salt does not, so heating the mixture separates them.
• The camphor vapour cools on the inverted funnel and settles there as pure crystals; the salt stays in the dish.
• Chromatography separates the dyes in ink: each dye dissolves differently and climbs the paper at its own speed.
• The dye that dissolves best in the water travels furthest up the filter paper.
• Oil and water do not mix (they are immiscible), so they settle into two layers in a separating funnel.
• The heavier liquid, water, forms the lower layer and is run off through the stopcock; the oil stays behind.
• Choose the method from the mixture: one solid that sublimes, dyes in a solution, or two liquids that do not mix.

About this model

A GLB file of about 490 KB, shown in Lably's 3D viewer and, on a phone, placed in your room with AR. Credit: Model, science and animation: Lably (built procedurally with three.js; no downloaded meshes). | CC BY 4.0. Original geometry and animation made for Lably.

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