2016 G20 Hangzhou summit
11th meeting of the Group of Twenty (G20)
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Through Vehicle, Steel mill and President of the United States
Context
Pollution in China
In the days before the G20 Hangzhou summit, only some vehicles were allowed through the city, construction sites were stopped, inhabitants received a week-long holidays (and were encouraged to leave the city) and factories in the region (including more than two hundred steel mills) were asked to stop their production (in order to temporarily reduce air pollution).
Climate change
On 3 September 2016, US President Barack Obama and CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping announced the ratification of the Paris Agreement (of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference) by their countries, bringing the total number of countries ratifying the agreement to 26; the United States and China represent respectively 18 percent and 20 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions (the driving force behind global warming).
Economic statements
The main themes of final communiqué of the summit are:
- Fight against tax evasion (asking the OECD for a black list of tax havens).
- Favour international trade and investments and opposition to protectionism.
- Fiscal stimulus and innovation to boost economic growth.
- Combating "populist attacks" against globalization.
- Strengthen support for refugees.
Summit documents
The heads of state and government of G20 issued a joint statement with a summary of the main results of the meeting. The statement is divided in the following documents:
- Communiqué 2016
- Annex to the Leaders' Declaration
- Hangzhou Action Plan
- Blueprint on Innovative Growth
- G20 Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
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Participating leaders
List of leaders who took part in the 2016 G20 Hangzhou summit:
Invited guests
International organizations
Controversies
President Obama was snubbed by CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as he descended from Air Force One to the tarmac of Hangzhou International Airport without the usual red carpet welcome.
Internet censorship
CCP general secretary Xi Jinping in the speech quoted "Guoyu", Traditional Chinese history books, in Chapter 9 of the "通商宽农" (tōng shāng kuān nóng, meaning reducing taxes and make road easy to walk, promote commercialization, and relax agriculture), but he mistakenly pronounced it as "通商宽衣" ("宽衣" kuān yī means Undress), the Central Propaganda Department ordered media and social platforms to prohibit this discussion.
Russian hacking of 2016 United States elections
In December 2016, President Obama stated that, when Obama was in China in early September 2016, he told Vladimir Putin not to hack the U.S. election infrastructure. Obama stated, "What I was concerned about in particular was making sure the 2016 DNC hack wasn't compounded by potential hacking that could hamper vote counting, affect the actual election process itself." He continued, "So in early September, when I saw President Putin in China, I felt that the most effective way to ensure that that didn’t happen was to talk to him directly and tell him to cut it out and there were going to be serious consequences if he didn’t. And in fact we did not see further tampering of the election process."