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- PaekcheAncient Korean kingdom (18 BCE – 660 CE)
- Paeonia (kingdom)Ancient region and kingdom in the Balkans
- Palaic languagePalaic is an extinct Indo-European language, attested in cuneiform tablets in Bronze Age H
- Paleo-European languagesEuropean languages prior to the Bronze Age
- Paleo-Hebrew alphabetWriting found in Canaanite inscriptions
- Paleo-IndiansClassification term given to the first peoples who entered the American continents
- PalistinPalistin (or Walistin), was an early Syro-Hittite kingdom located in what is now northwest
- Palmyrene invasion of EgyptThe Palmyrene invasion of Egypt occurred in the summer, or possibly in October, of 270 AD
- PanchalaAncient Hindu kingdom of India
- Pandya dynastyAncient Tamil dynasty of South India
- PantaleonIndo-Greek king
- Papier-mâchéPaper-based construction material
- Paracas cultureArchaeological culture of Peru
- ParatarajasDynasty of Parthian kings (circa 125 CE to circa 300 CE)
- Parthian EmpireIranian empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
- Parthian languageExtinct Iranian language
- Parthian styleThe Parthian style is a style (sabk) of historical Iranian architecture defined by Mohamma
- Partition of Babylon323 BC conference dividing the territories of Alexander the Great
- Partition of JinDivision of the Chinese state of Jin into Han, Zhao, and Wei (481–403 BCE)
- Partition of Triparadisus321 BC power-sharing agreement between the generals of Alexander the Great
- Pater PatriaeLatin honorific meaning 'Father of the Fatherland'
- Paul Bernard (archaeologist)Paul Bernard (13 June 1929—1 December 2015) was a French archaeologist, best known for exc
- Pax RomanaRoman golden age (27 BC to 180)
- Pecos ClassificationThe Pecos Classification is a chronological division of all known Ancestral Puebloans into
- PeithonAncient Macedonian military commander
- Peloponnesian LeagueMilitary alliance led by Sparta, c. 550 – 366 BC
- Peloponnesian WarWar between Athens and Sparta (431–404 BC)
- Peopling of the AmericasPrehistoric migration from Asia to the Americas
- Perusine WarThe Perusine War (also Perusian or Perusinian War, or the War of Perusia) was a civil war
- PharaohTitle of Ancient Egyptian rulers
- Philistine languageAncient languages spoken by the Philistines
- PhilistinesAncient people who inhabited Canaan's southern coast
- Phoenician historyPhoenicia was an ancient Semitic-speaking thalassocratic civilization that originated in t
- PhrygiaAncient Anatolian kingdom
- Piazza del Duomo, MilanPiazza del Duomo ("Cathedral Square") is the main piazza (city square) of Milan, Italy. It
- PictonesThe Pictones were a Gallic tribe dwelling south of the Loire river, in the modern departme
- Plague of CyprianPandemic in the Roman Empire (AD 249–262)
- PlataeaAncient city in southeastern Boeotia, Greece
- Polynesian navigationMethods to navigate the Pacific Ocean
- Postage stamps and postal history of ItalyThis is an introduction to the postal and philatelic history of Italy.
- Pravarasena IVakataka emperor from 275 to 335
- Pravarasena II5th-century ruler of the Indian Vakataka dynasty
- Pre-colonial TimorHistory and pre-history of the island Timor, prior to 1600s European colonisation
- Pre-DorsetPaleo-Eskimo cultures in the Canadian Arctic
- Pre-Indo-European languagesLanguages of Eurasia before the arrival of Indo-European languages
- Pre-Islamic ArabiaHuman history in the Arabian Peninsula before 610 CE
- Prehistoric ArabiaPeriod of Arabia before documented history
- Prehistoric ItalyPrehistory of Italy
- Prehistory of AustraliaPeriod of human habitation of Australia up to 1788
- Prithivishena IMahārāja
- Prithivishena IIMahārāja
- Proto-MongolsPeople and tribes in and around the Mongol Plateau before the 11th or 12th century
- Proto–Three Kingdoms periodProto-historical period in Korea
- Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea1919–1948 government-in-exile
- Ptolemaic KingdomHellenistic-era Greek state in Egypt (305–30 BC)
- Punic languageExtinct ancient Phoenician language
- Punic WarsWars between Rome and Carthage (264–146 BC)
- PushkalavatiCapital of ancient Gandhara in modern-day Pakistan
- PyuPyu, also spelled Phyu or Phyuu, is a town in Taungoo District, Bago Region in Myanmar. It
- Pyu city-statesGroup of city-states in present-day Myanmar