Philosophers and social scientists
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P
- Pamphile of EpidaurusEgyptian-Greek historian (1st century AD)
- Paolo BorsellinoItalian judge (1940–1992)
- PapinianRoman jurist (142–212 CE)
- Park DietzAmerican forensic psychiatrist (born 1948)
- Patricia Hill CollinsAmerican scholar (born 1948)
- Paul BénichouFrench/Algerian literary historian & writer (1908-2001)
- Paul FarmerAmerican medical anthropologist and physician (1959–2022)
- Paul GoodmanAmerican writer and public intellectual (1911–1972)
- Paul JanetPaul Alexandre René Janet (French pronunciation: ; 30 April 1823 – 4 October 1899) was a F
- Paul LazarsfeldAustrian-American sociologist (1901–1976)
- Paul OtletBelgian documentalist (1868–1944)
- Paul R. VerkuilPaul Robert Verkuil (born December 4, 1939) is an American lawyer. He is a former dean of
- Paula S. FassPaula S. Fass (born May 22, 1947) is an American historian and the Margaret Byrne Professo
- Paulo FreireBrazilian educator (1921–1997)
- Pausanias (geographer)2nd-century AD Greek geographer
- Pavel FlorenskyRussian priest and polymath (1882–1937)
- Peter BlauAmerican sociologist (1918–2002)
- Peter ForceAmerican politician and historian (1790–1868)
- Peter LadefogedBritish phonetician (1925–2006)
- Philip KotlerAmerican marketing author (born 1931)
- Philip ZimbardoAmerican social psychologist (1933–2024)
- Philippa LangleyBritish writer, producer, and Ricardian
- Piero SraffaItalian economist (1898–1983)
- Pierre DaunouFrench statesman, author, archivist and historian
- Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le PlayFrench sociologist and engineer
- Pierre RestanyFrench art critic and cultural philosopher
- Pierre RosenbergFrench art historian, curator and professor
- Pieter GeylDutch historian (1887–1966)
- Piri ReisOttoman admiral and cartographer
- PlatoAncient Greek philosopher (c. 428-347 BC)
- Polanyi's paradoxPolanyi's paradox, named in honour of the British-Hungarian philosopher Michael Polanyi, i
- PolybiusAncient Greek historian and politician of the 2nd century BC
- Pomponius Mela1st-century AD Roman geographer
- Porntip RojanasunanThai doctor and politician
- Porphyry of Tyre3rd-century Phoenician Neoplatonist philosopher
- Porson (typeface)Porson is an influential typeface in the Greek alphabet based on the handwriting of the En
- PosidoniusGreek Stoic philosopher (c.135 – c.51 BC)
- Potentiality and actualityPrinciples in the philosophy of Aristotle
- Potter StewartUS Supreme Court justice from 1958 to 1981
- Proclus5th-century Greek Neoplatonist philosopher
- ProcopiusByzantine historian (c. 500 – 565)
- Pyotr ChaadayevRussian philosopher (1794–1856)
- PyrrhoGreek philosopher and founder of Pyrrhonism (c. 360 – c. 270 BC)