Philosophers and social scientists
Notable peoplePoliticians and leadersScientists, inventors, and mathematiciansWriters and journalistsReligious figuresRevolutionaries and activistsPhilosophers and social scientistsWritersScientists, inventors and mathematiciansMusicians and composersPhilosophers, historians, political and social scientistsVisual artistsSports figuresMilitary leaders and theoristsRebels, revolutionaries and activistsEntertainersLeaders and politiciansExplorersDirectors, producers and screenwritersBusinesspeopleScientists and inventorsMathematiciansJournalistsArtistsMusiciansCriminalsFilmmakers
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- R. D. LaingUnorthodox Scottish psychiatrist (1927–1989)
- Radhabinod PalIndian judge (1886–1967)
- Ralf DahrendorfGerman-British sociologist and politician (1929–2009)
- Randolph L. BrahamAmerican historian and political scientist
- Rashid al-Din HamadaniPersian physician and historian (1247–1318)
- Rational animalAristotelian definition of humanity
- Rebecca GoldsteinAmerican philosopher and novelist (born 1950)
- René CassinFrench jurist and Nobel laureate
- René DescartesFrench philosopher and mathematician (1596–1650)
- Richard BentleyEnglish classical scholar, critic, and theologian (1662–1742)
- Richard Borshay LeeCanadian anthropologist (born 1937)
- Richard HofstadterAmerican historian and public intellectual (1916–1970)
- Richard LeakeyKenyan conservationist (1944–2022)
- Richard PorsonEnglish classical scholar (1759–1808)
- Richard PosnerAmerican federal judge and legal scholar (born 1939)
- Richard StracheySir Richard Strachey GCSI FRS FRGS (24 July 1817 – 12 February 1908) was a British soldier
- Richard ThalerAmerican economist and Nobel Laureate (born 1945)
- Richard von Krafft-EbingAustrian neurologist, psychiatrist, and nobleman (1840–1902)
- Richard WaldingerRichard Jay Waldinger is a computer science researcher at SRI International's Artificial I
- Robert BallardRetired US Navy officer and professor of oceanography (born 1942)
- Robert CaroAmerican journalist and author (born 1935)
- Robert CialdiniAmerican author and psychologist (born 1945)
- Robert D. PutnamAmerican political scientist (born 1941)
- Robert DallekRobert A. Dallek (born May 16, 1934) is an American historian specializing in the presiden
- Robert Garrett (British Army officer)Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Garrett KCB KH (1794 – 13 June 1869) was Commander of Britis
- Robert LowieAustrian-American anthropologist (1883–1957)
- Robert M. FrenchRobert M. French is a research director at the French National Centre for Scientific Resea
- Robert M. GagnéAmerican educational psychologist (1916–2002)
- Robert M. PirsigAmerican writer and philosopher (1928–2017)
- Robert M. W. DixonEnglish-born Australian linguist (born 1939)
- Robert Napier, 1st Baron Napier of MagdalaField Marshal Robert Cornelis Napier, 1st Baron Napier of Magdala GCB GCSI FRS (6 December
- Robert PaxtonAmerican political scientist and historian (born 1932)
- Robert PlominAmerican psychologist and geneticist
- Robert R. LivingstonAmerican lawyer, politician, and diplomat (1746–1813)
- Robert Ray (prosecutor)Robert William Ray (born April 4, 1960) is an American lawyer. As the successor to Ken Sta
- Robert SternbergAmerican psychologist (born 1949)
- Roberto LonghiItalian art historian (1890–1970)
- Roger B. TaneyChief Justice of the United States from 1836 to 1864
- Roger C. CramtonRoger Conant Cramton (May 18, 1929 – February 3, 2017) was appointed by President Richard
- Roger FryEnglish painter and critic (1866–1934)
- Roland FreislerGerman jurist (1893–1945)
- Ron ChernowAmerican writer (born 1949)
- Ronald SymeNew Zealand born British historian and classicist (1903–1989)
- Rudolf KjellénSwedish political scientist (1864–1922)
- Rudolf von GneistGerman jurist and politician (1816–1895)
- Rufus Wilmot GriswoldAmerican anthologist (1815–1857)
- Ruth AbbeyRuth Abbey (born 1961) is an Australian political theorist with interests in contemporary
- Ruth Bader GinsburgUS Supreme Court justice from 1993 to 2020
- Ruth BenedictAmerican anthropologist and folklorist (1887–1948)