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- Objective-collapse theoryInterpretation of quantum mechanics
- ObservableAny entity that can be measured
- Observational errorDifference between a measured value of a quantity and its true value
- Observer (special relativity)Frame of reference in special relativity
- Observer effect (physics)In physics, the observer effect is the disturbance of an observed system by the act of obs
- OerstedUnit of the auxiliary magnetic field H in the CGS system of units
- Offshore constructionOffshore construction is the installation of structures and facilities in a marine environ
- Ohm's lawLaw of electrical current and voltage
- Ohmic contactType of electrical contact to semiconductors
- Oil drop experimentExperiment to measure elementary electric charge
- Olga Ehrenhaft-SteindlerOlga Ehrenhaft-Steindler (28 October 1879 – 21 December 1933) was an Austrian physicist an
- Olive (color)Dark yellowish green color
- OmegaLast letter of the Greek alphabet
- Omega mesonThe omega meson (ω) is a flavourless meson formed from a superposition of an up quark–anti
- On Physical Lines of Force1861 physics paper by James Clerk Maxwell
- On shell renormalization schemeIn quantum field theory, and especially in quantum electrodynamics, the interacting theory
- On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous SubstancesPaper by Josiah Willard Gibbs
- One-loop Feynman diagramIn physics, a one-loop Feynman diagram is a connected Feynman diagram with only one cycle
- OniumQuantum state of a particle and its antiparticle
- Onsager reciprocal relationsRelations between flows and forces, or gradients, in thermodynamic systems
- OpacityProperty of an object or substance that is impervious to light
- Open-channel flowIn fluid mechanics and hydraulics, open-channel flow is a type of liquid flow within a con
- Open-pool Australian lightwater reactorThe Open-pool Australian lightwater reactor (OPAL) is a 20 megawatt (MW) swimming pool nuc
- Operator (physics)Function acting on the space of physical states in physics
- Oppenheimer–Snyder modelExact solution to the Einstein field equations
- Optical aberrationDeviation from perfect paraxial optical behavior
- Optical conductivityOptical conductivity is the property of a material which gives the relationship between th
- Optical depthPhysics concept regarding radiation transparency and attenuation
- Optical pathOptical path (OP) is the trajectory that a light ray follows as it propagates through an o
- Optical path lengthProduct of geometric length and refractive index
- Optical powerDegree to which an optical system converges or diverges light
- Optical pumpingUse of light to raise electrons to higher energy states
- Optical radiationPart of the electromagnetic spectrum
- OpticksBook by Isaac Newton
- OpticsBranch of physics that studies light
- Optimized effective potential methodQuantum-mechanical framework for simulating molecules and solids
- Orange (colour)Colour located between red and yellow
- Orbit (dynamics)Set of points linked through the evolution function of a dynamical system
- Orbital-free density functional theoryScientific theory
- Order and disorderPresence/absence of symmetry or correlation in a many-particle system
- Order of LeninHighest civilian honor of the Soviet Union
- Orders of magnitude (length)Comparison of a wide range of lengths
- Orthorhombic crystal systemType of three-dimensional crystal structural geometry
- OscillationRepetitive variation of some measure about a central value
- Oskar KleinSwedish physicist (1894–1977)
- OsmosisMovement of molecules to lower concentration
- OsramGerman lighting manufacturer
- Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbHOsram Opto Semiconductors GmbH of Regensburg, Germany, was a wholly owned subsidiary of Os
- Otto cycleThermodynamic cycle for spark ignition piston engines
- Otto engineThe Otto engine is a large stationary single-cylinder internal combustion four-stroke engi
- Otto RedlichOtto Redlich (November 4, 1896 – August 14, 1978) was an Austrian physical chemist who is
- Otto Robert FrischAustrian nuclear physicist
- Outline of physicsOverview of and topical guide to physics
- Owens CorningAmerican manufacturer of building materials
