Charles Goldfarb

GML and SGML

In 1969 Goldfarb, leading a small team at IBM, developed Generalized Markup Language (GML)—the first of its kind. Goldfarb coined the initialism GML after its three developers: himself, Edward Mosher, and Raymond Lorie.

In 1974, Goldfarb designed the SGML syntax and subsequently wrote the first SGML parser, ARC-SGML. SGML facilitates the sharing of machine-readable documents for large projects. SGML was used by the Department of Defense in aerospace engineering and industrial publishing. Goldfarb began working on drafting the SGML syntax into an industry standard from 1978. Acceptance of working drafts began in 1980, with work continuing until 1986, when it was formally accepted as the ISO 8879 standard. Goldfarb served as the editor of the standardization committee.