Constanța County

Geography

• Călărași County and Ialomița County are to the west.
• Tulcea County and Brăila County are to the north.
• Bulgaria (Dobrich Province and Silistra Province) are to the south.

Economy

The predominant industries in the county are:

• Tourism
• Chemicals and petrochemicals
• Food and beverages
• Textiles
• Shipbuilding
• Construction materials
• Mechanical components
• Paper

Agriculture is an important part in the county's economy, with Constanța being the county with the largest irrigation systems in the country (more than 4,300 km² before 1989, now greatly reduced), cereals being the most important products. Also, the county is famous for its wines from the Murfatlar region.

At Cernavodă there is a nuclear power plant with two reactors, each of the CANDU type of Canadian design. The plant covers over 15% of the country's power demand.

The Port of Constanța is the largest port in Romania, the most important of the Black Sea and the 4th in Europe. It is linked with the Danube by the Danube-Black Sea Canal – the widest and deepest navigable channel in Europe, although it is not used to its full potential.

Tourism

The Romanian Riviera along the coast of the Black Sea is the preferred destination for the summer holidays in Romania. The resorts are, from North to South:

• Năvodari
• Mamaia
• Eforie (North and South)
• Costinești
• Olimp
• Neptun
• Jupiter
• Cap Aurora
• Venus
• Saturn
• Mangalia
• 2 Mai
• Vama Veche

Also worth visiting are:

• The city of Constanța
• The mausoleum at Adamclisi
• The Portița area

Politics

The elected President of the County Council is Florin Mitroi from PNL. In addition, in the wake of the 2024 Romanian local elections, the current Constanța County Council consists of 36 councilors, with the following party composition:

Administrative divisions

Constanța County has 3 municipalities, 9 towns and 58 communes:

• Municipalities
  • Constanța – capital city; population: 283,872 (as of 2011)
  • Mangalia
  • Medgidia

• Towns
  • Cernavodă
  • Eforie
  • Hârșova
  • Murfatlar
  • Năvodari
  • Negru Vodă
  • Ovidiu
  • Techirghiol

• Communes
  • 23 August
  • Adamclisi
  • Agigea
  • Albești
  • Aliman
  • Amzacea
  • Băneasa (town between 2004 and 2019)
  • Bărăganu
  • Castelu
  • Cerchezu
  • Chirnogeni
  • Ciobanu
  • Ciocârlia
  • Cobadin
  • Cogealac
  • Comana
  • Corbu
  • Costinești
  • Crucea
  • Cumpăna
  • Cuza Vodă
  • Deleni
  • Dobromir
  • Dumbrăveni
  • Fântânele
  • Gârliciu
  • Ghindărești
  • Grădina
  • Horia
  • Independența
  • Ion Corvin
  • Istria
  • Limanu
  • Lipnița
  • Lumina
  • Mereni
  • Mihai Viteazu
  • Mihail Kogălniceanu
  • Mircea Vodă
  • Nicolae Bălcescu
  • Oltina
  • Ostrov
  • Pantelimon
  • Pecineaga
  • Peștera
  • Poarta Albă
  • Rasova
  • Saligny
  • Saraiu
  • Săcele
  • Seimeni
  • Siliștea
  • Târguşor
  • Topalu
  • Topraisar
  • Tortoman
  • Tuzla
  • Valu lui Traian
  • Vulturu

Historical county

Following the 1926 administrative reform, the borders of the historical county are identical to the ones of the current Constanța County, with the exception of the Ostrov and Lipnița communes, which were then administered by the Durostor County, the Baia commune, now part of Tulcea County, and the villages of Tereskondu, Pârâul Caprei, Fundeni, Pădureni, Saldu Alde and Enigea-Haidar, now in Bulgaria.

Geography

The county neighboured the Black Sea to the east, the counties of Tulcea and Brăila to the north, Ialomița to the west, Durostor to the south-west and Caliacra to the south.

Administration

The county originally consisted of four districts (plăși):

1. Plasa Dunărea
2. Plasa Mangalia
3. Plasa Ovidiu
4. Plasa Traian

Subsequently, the territory of the county was reorganized into seven districts:

1. Plasa Cernavodă, headquartered in Cernavodă
2. Plasa Dunărea, headquartered in Hârșova
3. Plasa Ferdinand, headquartered in Constanța
4. Plasa Mangalia, headquartered in Mangalia
5. Plasa Negru-Vodă, headquartered in Negru Vodă
6. Plasa Traian, headquartered in Ion Corvin
7. Plasa Medgidia, headquartered in Medgidia

On the territory of Constanta County there were seven urban localities: Constanţa (with city status) and the urban communes of Carmen-Sylva, Techirghiol, Mangalia, Medgidia, Cernavodă and Hârșova.

After 1938

After the 1938 Administrative and Constitutional Reform, this county merged with the counties of Ialomița, Durostor and Caliacra to form Ținutul Mării. It was re-established in 1940 after the fall of Carol II's regime. Ten years later, it was abolished by the Communist regime.

Population

According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 253,093 inhabitants, of which 66.2% were Romanians, 8.9% Bulgarians, 6.8% Turks, 6.0% Tatars, 3.8% Germans, 1.8% Greeks, 1.5% Russians, 1.3% Armenians, as well as other minorities. In religion, the population consisted of 78.9% Eastern Orthodox, 13.1% Islam, 2.5% Lutheran, 1.8% Roman Catholics, as well as other minorities.

Urban population

In 1930, the urban population of the county was 81,631 inhabitants, 68.7% Romanians, 7.3% Turks, 5.2% Greeks, 3.9% Armenians, 2.5% Germans, 2.2% Jews, 2.0% Tatars, 2.0% Bulgarians, 1.7% Russians, 1.7% Hungarians, as well as other minorities. Among the urban population, mother tongues were reported to be Romanian (72.0%), Turkish (9.7%), Greek (4.5%), Armenian (3.6%), German (2.4%), as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed mostly of Eastern Orthodox (78.4%), followed by Muslim (9.6%), Armenian Apostolic (3.3%), Roman Catholic (2.7%), Jewish (2.3%), Lutheran (1.6%), as well as other minorities.