Damastion
Ancient Illyrian city known for its silver mines and coinage
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The exact site of Damastion is not yet identified with certainty. Various sites in Albania, North Macedonia and Kosovo have been considered as the location of this ancient town.
Location
Damastion was an important mint since the 4th century and was located near silver mines. Most silver coins bearing the inscription ΔΑMAΣTION were found just northeast of Janjevo, near Novo Brdo. Based on studies carried out by mining geologists and archaeologists, some scholars have argued that the location of Damastion was most likely in the territory of modern Kosovo, which made up the core area of ancient Dardania, neighbored by ancient Paeonia. Other scholars have argued that Damastion's location appears to have been within southern Illyrian territory since Strabo connects the city with the Dyestes and Enchelei, but not the Dardani.
There are a number of other scholars who believe its location might have been somewhere near present-day Resen, north or northeast of Lake Ohrid in modern-day North Macedonia.
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History
The Illyrian state controlled the mines of Damastion at least from the 5th century BC. The silver mines of Damastion increased the interest of the Greeks in Illyrian territory. In the 431 BC Greeks from Aegina had colonised the city.
The silver mines of Damastion were close to Dassaretia, a region centered around Lake Lychnidus (present-day Lake Ohrid). Damastion began to mint coinage from the end of the 5th century BC. Although the site of the mines of Damastion remains still unlocated, the rise of the earliest remarkable Illyrian coinage in the lakeland coincided with the earliest known important consolidation of Illyrian military power in the same region. In 4th century BC the city, and its inhabitants Damastini, were subject most likely to the Illyrian king Bardylis. The circulation of the coins of Damastion included Dardania (today's Kosovo and its surrounding areas) up to the west, to the southern Adriatic coast.
The city and its silver mines were most likely captured by Philip II of Macedon after he defeated Illyrian king Bardyllis. At the time of Alexander the Great's Balkan campaign, in particular in Illyria, the autonomous minting of Damastion ceased, meanwhile Macedonian coins of Alexander and his father Philip II appear in the region, suggesting that the kings of Macedon have set up a unified monetary system by capturing all the metal resources available in the region.
The coinage of Damastion lasted until about 280 BC, or until the Celtic invasion of the Balkans, when the region was destabilized.