Diaphragmatic breathing
Form of breathing done by contracting the diaphragm
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Definition
Diaphragmatic breathing involves using the diaphragm to take deep breaths, allowing the lungs to expand to full capacity and enable optimal efficiency for respiration. Because diaphragmatic breathing causes descent of the diaphragm into the abdominal cavity, it is also called abdominal breathing or belly breathing.
The method involves breathing in slowly through the nose, letting the air in deeply, then tightening the abdominal muscles while exhaling through pursed lips.
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Clinical applications
Diaphragmatic breathing is used as an adjunct intervention in several clinical contexts, particularly in people with respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Diaphragmatic breathing helps with shortness of breath in such affected people. Evidence for its effectiveness in exercise tolerance by people with COPD is mixed.
Diaphragmatic breathing exercises are used for cognitive behavioral therapy in people with anxiety disorders, stress, and panic disorder. Diaphragmatic breathing may help with relaxation, lower blood pressure, and reduce heart rate.