Gallerie dell'Accademia
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Through Napoleon and Leonardo da Vinci
History
Early history
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia was founded on 24 September 1750; the statute dates from 1756. The first director was Giovanni Battista Piazzetta; Gianbattista Tiepolo became the first president after his return from Würzburg.
It was one of the first institutions to study art restoration starting in 1777 with Pietro Edwards, and formalised by 1819 as a course.
In 1807 the academy was re-founded by Napoleonic decree. The name was changed from Veneta Academia di Pittura, Scultura e Architettura to Accademia Reale di Belle Arti, "royal academy of fine arts", and the academy was moved to the Palladian complex of the Scuola della Carità, where the Gallerie dell'Accademia are still housed. The collections of the Accademia were first opened to the public on 10 August 1817.
Later history
The Gallerie dell'Accademia became independent from the Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia in 1879. Like other state museums in Italy, it falls under the Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali, the Italian Ministry of Culture and Heritage.
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Building
The Napoleonic administration had disbanded many institutions in Venice including some churches, convents and Scuole. The Scuola della Carità, the Convento dei Canonici Lateranensi and the church of Santa Maria della Carità thus became the home of the Accademia. The Scuola della Carità was the oldest of the six Scuole Grandi and the building dates back to 1343, though the scuola was formed in 1260. The Convento dei Canonici Lateranensi was started in 1561 by Andrea Palladio, though it was never fully completed. The facade of Santa Maria della Carità was completed in 1441 by Bartolomeo Bon.
Collection
The Gallerie dell’Accademia contains masterpieces of Venetian painting up to the 19th century, generally arranged chronologically though some thematic displays are evident.
Artists represented include: Giovanni d'Alemagna, Jacopo and Leandro Bassano, Lazzaro Bastiani, Jacopo, Gentile and Giovanni Bellini, Bernardo Bellotto, Paris Bordone, Hieronymus Bosch, Canaletto, Antonio Canova, Vittore Carpaccio, Giulio Carpioni, Rosalba Carriera, Cima da Conegliano, Pietro da Cortona, Domenico Fetti, Jacobello del Fiore, Fra Galgario, Pietro Gaspari, Luca Giordano, Giovanni Antonio and Francesco Guardi, Giorgione, Francesco Hayez, Giulia Lama, Charles Le Brun, Johann Liss, Leonardo da Vinci, Pietro and Alessandro Longhi, Lorenzo Veneziano, Johann Carl Loth, Lorenzo Lotto, Francesco Maffei, Giovanni Mansueti, Andrea Mantegna, Rocco Marconi, Michele Marieschi, Hans Memling, Michele di Matteo da Bologna, Palma Vecchio and Giovane, Paolo Veneziano, Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, Piero della Francesca, Bonifacio de' Pitati, Giambattista Pittoni, Mattia Preti, Sebastiano and Marco Ricci, Benedetto Rusconi, Carlo Saraceni, Giovanni Battista and Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Jacopo and Domenico Tintoretto, Titian, Cosmè Tura, Paolo Veronese, Giorgio Vasari, Antonio, Bartolomeo and Alvise Vivarini, Giuseppe Zais, Francesco Zuccarelli.
The collection includes Leonardo da Vinci's drawing of the Vitruvian Man, which is displayed only rarely as the work, being on paper, is fragile and sensitive to light. In 2019, the Louvre in Paris requested the loan of the drawing for its exhibition of works by Leonardo. The request was refused by a cultural heritage group. A court tribunal in Venice, however, decided that the work would suffer no ill effects if shipped with great care and displayed under controlled conditions. The work was, therefore, part of the Louvre's exhibition from 24 October 2019 to 24 February 2020.