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House of Ögedei

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Through Mongols and Genghis Khan

Lab · Class 11Nomadic Medieval

When, after the Toluid Möngke Khan's death, the Mongol Empire disintegrated into civil war, the members of the House of Ögedei were influential players in the politics of the region. Among the lines of Genghis Khan's sons — Ögedei, Jochi, Chagatai, and Tolui, the House of Ögedei tended to ally with the Chagataids (descendants of Chagatai) against the House of Jochi, while seeking control for themselves within the Chagatai Khanate at first. The Ögedeids also allied with the Golden Horde against the Yuan founding emperor Kublai (son of Tolui), who was allied with his brother Hulagu, leader of the Ilkhanate in Persia. The Ögedeids attempted to unite the Mongol Empire under their own rule, and Ögedeid princes continued to march against the Yuan dynasty well into the 14th century, such as during the Kaidu–Kublai war.

A peace occurred shortly in 1304, but the war soon resumed. In 1310, Kaidu's successor Chapar Khan surrendered to the Yuan emperor Khayishan, and the territory controlled by the House of Ögedei was divided up by the Chagataids and the Yuan dynasty, after he and his relatives failed to win the Chagatai Khanate. After that, members from this family often appeared as influential contenders or puppet rulers under powerful amirs and noyans in the Northern Yuan dynasty (rump state of the Yuan dynasty) and Transoxiana in the 14th and 15th centuries. Nogai joined Uzbeks and Kazakhs.

Notable members

  • Ögedei Khan (1186–1241), son of Genghis Khan, and second Khagan of the Mongol Empire
  • Güyük Khan (1206–1248), son of Ögedei, and third Khagan of the Mongol Empire
  • Kadan, son of Ögedei, and co-leader of the Mongol force that attacked Poland in the 13th century
  • Kaidu (c. 1235 – 1301), grandson of Ögedei, leader of the House of Ögedei, and de facto khan of the Chagatai Khanate
  • Khutulun (c. 1260–1306), Kaidu's daughter and warrior princess
  • 'Ali-Sultan, the Muslim Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (r.1342/1343)
  • Danishmendji (d. 1348), khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1346 to 1348
  • Soyurghatmïsh Khan (d. 1384), khan of the Western Chagatai Khanate
  • Sultan Mahmud (Chagatai) (d. 1402), khan of the Western Chagatai Khanate
  • Örüg Temür Khan, khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty from 1402 to 1408
  • Adai Khan, khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty from 1425 to 1438
  • Melig, the judge of the Irtish region
  • Arg Temur, rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty

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