Ibn Juzayy
Andalusian Muslim jurist and exegete (c.1294–1340)
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Lineage
Ibn Juzayy Al-Kalbi ancestry is originally from Yemen. He is a member of the Yemeni tribe called Kalb al-Quda'iyya, and his tribe Banu Kalb reached Andalusia in two ways: The first category was that of governors, which led Anbasa ibn Suhaym al-Kalbi to enter in 103 AH as a governor. The second category was that of the conquerors, which Abu al-Khatar Hussam bin Dirar Al-Kalbi entered in 125 AH. All these kinds belonged to a tribe called the Kalb, although Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi's forefathers were among the conquerors. His grandfather, Sultan Abu Bakr Abdul Rahman Ibn Juzayy, was given the position of president and exclusive management of Jaén in the year 539 AH.
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Early life
Birth
Ibn Juzayy was born on Thursday, the ninth of Rabi' al-Thani, in the year 693 AH corresponding to March 15, 1294 CE, in the city of Granada, the capital of Andalusia at that time.
Education
Ibn Juzayy came from an illustrious family renown for their knowledge and piety. His father Ahmad Ibn Juzayy (d. 710 AH approximately) was a scholar and a reciter. It was through his family's influence that led him to crave for knowledge.
Ibn al-Khatib said: “He (may Allah have mercy upon him) was sincerely devoted to knowledge, studying, writing, and teaching, and he ventured into different areas of knowledge: Arabic language, Usool al-Fiqh, Quranic modes of recitation, Hadeeth, Arabic literature, and Tafseer. He memorized and comprehended the statements of the earlier scholars and studied many books and references.”
Teachers
His Famous Teachers are:
- Abu Jaʻfar ibn Az-Zubayr
- Abu Al-Hasan ibn Samʻoon
- Abu 'Abdullaah ibn Al-ʻImaad
He also narrated from:
- Abu 'Abdullaah ibn Abi ʻAamir ibn Rabi'
- Abu Al-Majd ibn Abi ʻAli ibn Abi Al-Ahwaz
Scholarly life
Career
After this stage, Ibn Juzayy devoted himself to teaching his students the Qur’an, the rules of its recitation, the readings with their narrations, and he taught them the Hadith, especially the six main Sunni Hadith collections (Kutub al-Sittah), including Muwatta Malik, the Arabic language, interpretation, legal theory and Maliki jurisprudence. He worked early on in writing and he mostly worked in issuing fatwas according to the Maliki school of thought. He was appointed as a preacher and led prayers in the Great Mosque in Granada, despite his young age; people commended his knowledge, righteousness and character.
Students
Many students graduated under him:
- Lisan al-Din Ibn al-Khatib (d. 776 AH),
- Muhammad bin Muhammad Al-Ansari, known as Ibn al-Khashab (d. 774 AH),
- Abu Abdullah Al-Shadid (d. after 776 AH),
And his three sons, they are:
- Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad Ibn Juzayy (d. 757/1356), a katib under the Nasrid Sultan Abū l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf, edited The Travels of Ibn Battuta by commission of the Marinid Sultan Abu Inan Faris
- And Abu Bakr Ahmed bin Muhammad Al-Qadi (d. 758 AH),
- And Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muhamma
Death
On Jumada al-Awwal 9th, 741 AH corresponding to October 30, 1340 AD, Ibn Juzayy was killed in the Battle of Tarifa at the young age of 46, which took place in southern Andalusia between the Muslim army, consisting of an alliance of the Marinid Sultanate and the Emirate of Granada, and the Christian army, consisting of an alliance of the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal. Ibn Juzay was participating with the Muslim army and he was the forefront in vocalizing jihad urging them to fight and stimulating their enthusiasm, but when the battle ended with the defeat of the Muslim armies, Ibn Juzayy was killed and died as martyr.
Family
He had three sons. His son Abu Abdullah Ibn Juzayy is mainly known as the writer to whom Ibn Battuta dictated an account of his travels. He wrote "The Travels of Ibn Battuta" (Riḥlat Ibn Baṭūṭah) in 1352-55.