IEEE 802.1ag
Networking standard
- 3 min read
- 3 chapters
Related on Lably
Through Computer network
IEEE 802.1ag is a subset of the earlier ITU-T Recommendation Y.1731, which additionally addresses performance monitoring.
The standard:
- Defines maintenance domains, their constituent maintenance points, and the managed objects required to create and administer them
- Defines the relationship between maintenance domains and the services offered by VLAN-aware bridges and provider bridges
- Describes the protocols and procedures used by maintenance points to maintain and diagnose connectivity faults within a maintenance domain;
- Provides means for future expansion of the capabilities of maintenance points and their protocols
Definitions
The document defines various terms:
- Maintenance Domain (MD)
- Maintenance Domains are management space on a network, typically owned and operated by a single entity. MDs are configured with Names and Levels, where the eight levels range from 0 to 7. A hierarchical relationship exists between domains based on levels. The larger the domain, the higher the level value. Recommended values of levels are as follows:
- Customer Domain: Largest (e.g., 7)
- Provider Domain: In between (e.g., 3)
- Operator Domain: Smallest (e.g., 1)
- Maintenance Association (MA)
- Defined as a "set of MEPs, all of which are configured with the same MAID (Maintenance Association Identifier) and MD Level, each of which is configured with a MEPID unique within that MAID and MD Level, and all of which are configured with the complete list of MEPIDs."
- Maintenance association End Point (MEP)
- Points at the edge of the domain, define the boundary for the domain. A MEP sends and receives CFM frames through the relay function, drops all CFM frames of its level or lower that come from the wire side.
- Maintenance domain Intermediate Point (MIP)
- Points internal to a domain, not at the boundary. CFM frames received from MEPs and other MIPs are cataloged and forwarded, all CFM frames at a lower level are stopped and dropped. MIPs are passive points, respond only when triggered by CFM trace route and loop-back messages.
Sign in to keep reading
2 more chapters are free with a Lably account.
CFM Protocols
IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) protocols comprise three protocols that work together to help administrators debug Ethernet networks. They are:
- Continuity Check Protocol (CCP)
- "Heartbeating" messages for CFM. The Continuity Check Message (CCM) provides a means to detect connectivity failures in an MA. CCMs are multicast messages. CCMs are confined to a domain (MD). These messages are unidirectional and do not solicit a response. Each MEP transmits a periodic multicast Continuity Check Message inward towards the other MEPs.
- Link Trace (LT)
- Link Trace messages otherwise known as Mac Trace Route are Multicast frames that a MEP transmits to track the path (hop-by-hop) to a destination MEP which is similar in concept to User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Trace Route. Each receiving MEP sends a Trace Route Reply directly to the Originating MEP, and regenerates the Trace Route Message.
- Loop-back (LB)
- Loop-back messages otherwise known as MAC ping are Unicast frames that a MEP transmits, they are similar in concept to an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo (Ping) messages, sending Loopback to successive MIPs can determine the location of a fault. Sending a high volume of Loopback Messages can test bandwidth, reliability, or jitter of a service, which is similar to flood ping. A MEP can send a Loopback to any MEP or MIP in the service. Unlike CCMs, Loop back messages are administratively initiated and stopped.
Y.1731
ITU-T Y.1731 additionally supports the following:
- Ethernet alarm indication signal (ETH-AIS)
- Ethernet remote defect indication (ETH-RDI)
- Ethernet locked signal (ETH-LCK)
- Ethernet test signal (ETH-Test)
- Ethernet automatic protection switching (ETH-APS)
- Ethernet maintenance communication channel (ETH-MCC)
- Ethernet experimental OAM (ETH-EXP)
- Ethernet vendor-specific OAM (ETH-VSP)
- Ethernet client signal fail (ETH-CSF)
- Ethernet bandwidth notification (ETH-BN)
- Ethernet expected defect function (ETH-ED)
- Frame loss measurement (ETH-LM)
- Frame delay measurement (ETH-DM)
- Delay measurement message (DMM)
- Loss measurement message (LMM)

