Jupiter analogue

Formation and evolution

While the exact formation of Jupiter-like exoplanets are not known, models of gas giant planet formation predict that Jupiter-like planets should easily form around stars similar to the Sun through core-accretion mechanisms. This therefore should make planets similar to Jupiter a common occurrence in the universe with roughly 6-20% of Sun-like stars having Jupiter-like planets. But this number varies from low rates like 6.9% to higher rates like 25%. It has been found that Jupiter analogues are very rare in mid to late type M-dwarf stars with 0.1-0.3 solar masses. There has been some detections of Jupiter-like planets around red dwarf stars such as TOI-4860b with 0.67 Jupiter masses. The time it takes for form Jupiter-like planets is typically 3-5 million years but some estimates place the formation of Jupiter-like exoplanets to around 1-2 million years.

Effect on their systems

Jupiter has played a major role in the evolution of the Solar System, determining much of its structure and the configuration of Solar System bodies. It is likely that Jupiter-like exoplanets play a similar role in their systems.