Khulna District
District of Bangladesh in Khulna
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Geography and climate
Khulna District has a total area of 4,389.11 square kilometres (1,694.64 sq mi). It borders Jessore District to the north, Narail District to the northeast, Bagerhat District to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the south, and Satkhira District to the west.
Khulna district is mostly composed of flat plains. The northernmost part of the district, north of Khulna town, comprises deltaic silt deposits and is relatively elevated compared to the rest of the district. The central part of the district is relatively lower in elevation and comprises tidal deltaic deposits. The Sunderbans once covered the majority of the district, but now occupy only the southern part of the district.
The district is divided by numerous rivers and canals. Major rivers in Khulna District include the Rupsa (a continuation of the Bhairab and Atrai), Arpangachhia, Shibsa, Pasur, and Koyra.
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History
Khulna saw its rise faster than any other area of Bangladesh due to its geographical and economic importance. Also, settlements dating back to 800-900 CE have been found in Rezakpur village in Khulna's Paikgachha Upazila. Muslim rule established itself in Khulna during the 14th century. The saint Khan Jahan Ali obtained a jagir that encompassed the present-day district. In the 16th century, Maharaja Pratapaditya ruled the present Khulna, Bagerhat and Satkhira districts before being defeated by the Mughal Muslim rulers. The region then became a significant part of the Khalifatabad. It came under British rule after the Battle of Plassey.
Subdistricts
Khulna city us administrated by Khulna City Corporation.
There are 9 Upazilas in the district.
- Batiaghata Upazila
- Dacope Upazila
- Dighalia Upazila
- Dumuria Upazila
- Koyra Upazila
- Paikgachha Upazila
- Phultala Upazila
- Rupsa Upazila
- Terokhada Upazila
Demographics
According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Khulna District had 670,861 households and a population of 2,613,385, with an average of 3.85 people per household. Among the population, 418,531 inhabitants, or 16.01%, were under 10 years of age. The population density was 595 people per km2. Khulna District had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 80.66%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 992 females per 1,000 males. Approximately 40.83% of the population lived in urban areas. The ethnic population was 3,260.
78.67% of the population was Muslim and 20.76% Hindu at the time of the 2022 census. A small minority of Christians constituted 0.54% of the population.
Khulna was a Hindu-majority part of Bangladesh before Partition, mainly lower-caste, but during the massive riots in the 1950s and 1960s, many of the Hindus there fled to India. The population of Hindus has remained constant since 1981, but their percentage has fallen massively. Christians mainly live in Khulna city and Dacope upazila.
Education
Khulna district has about 1,700 primary and secondary schools, and 320,000 pupils. Notably, 15% of schools lack access to drinking water sources. The most common sources of drinking water for schools in this district are tubewells (55%) and rainwater harvesting systems (20%).
The district contains the following educational institutions:
Schools:
- Government Coronation Secondary Girls' School
- Govt. Laboratory High School,Khulna.
- Government Daulatpur Muhsin High School
- Khulna Zilla School
Colleges:
- B.L. College
- Khulna Day Night College
- Govt Majid Memorial City College
- Khulna Women's College
- Khulna Government Model School and College
- Khulna Medical College
- Khulna Dental College
- Khulna Collectorate Public School and College
Universities:
- Khulna University of Engineering & Technology
- Khulna University
- Khulna Agricultural University
- Khulna Medical University
Healthcare infrastructure
The Khulna district has about 300 healthcare centres according to the Facility Registry of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. This includes community clinics, union health centres, union health sub-centres, and upazila health complexes.
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