Kraepelinian dichotomy
Aspect of psychosis
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Through Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
History
The Kraepelinian system and the modern classification of psychoses are ultimately derived from the insights of Karl Kahlbaum. In 1863 the Prussian psychiatrist published his habilitation which was entitled, Die Gruppierung der psychischen Krankheiten (The Classification of Psychiatric Diseases). In this text he reviewed the then heterogeneous state of medical taxonomies of mental illness and enumerated the existence of some thirty such nosologies from the early seventeenth-century until the mid-nineteenth-century. The major contribution of his published dissertation, which is still the foundation of modern psychiatric nosology, was to first formulate the clinical method for the classification of psychosis by symptom, course and outcome.
Kahlbaum also differentiated between two major groups of mental illnesses which he termed vecordia and vesania.
Emil Kraepelin first introduced his proposed dichotomy between the endogenous psychoses of manic-depressive illness and dementia praecox during a public lecture in Heidelberg, Germany on 27 November 1898.