Miklós Szentkuthy
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Through Martin Luther and William Shakespeare
Style
Szentkuthy composed an oeuvre both imposing and complex, centered on the conflict between art and life, or the aspiration for holiness and eroticism. It includes fictionalized biographies of musicians such as Handel, Haydn, and Mozart, artists like Dürer and Brunelleschi, writers Goethe and Cicero, and historical figures Superbus and Luther, etc., written in the form of collections of fragments or notes with a wealth of audacious metaphors. For the experimental side and erudite aspect of his work, he is sometimes compared to the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. However, in My Career, Szentkuthy stated that he "never, in any shape or form, considered Prae to be a work that belonged to an avant-garde. [...] When people pigeonholed the book with ‘surrealism’ and other ‘isms’ I felt a bit like Molière's Bourgeois Gentilhomme, who on being taught the difference between poetry and prose, exclaims in astonishment, 'Good Heavens! For more than forty years I have been speaking prose without knowing it!' It was also on the basis of an honorable misunderstanding of Prae that I was invited to what was catalogued as the avant-garde “European School” – perhaps more to address them as a speaker than a proper member – and there I delivered talks on Dickens, Shakespeare, and a host of old classics, amply demonstrating that what the school fondly imagined were revolutionary innovations had also played a part, to a greater or lesser extent (better too), in the history of the arts."
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Death
Szentkuthy died in 1988, leaving the final part of Orpheus unfinished. Some fragments of it were published posthumously as In the Footsteps of Eurydice (1993).
Legacy
In the twenty-first century, Szentkuthy is generally acknowledged as one of the major innovative Hungarian novelists of the 20th century. His influence has extended to many contemporary authors, such as Péter Esterházy and Péter Nádas, while some critics consider him a forerunner of postmodernism. At the same time, Szentkuthy's oeuvre remains largely unknown to the wider English-speaking public, though a recent English translation and laudatory reviews in the Guardian, the Los Angeles Review of Books, and Tropes of Tenth Street have considerably remedied that. Additionally, in December 2013, Szentkuthy's Marginalia on Casanova was chosen by Nicholas Lezard of The Guardian as one of the best books of the year. In Europe, Szentkuthy's work has received more widespread and consistent attention, and at least one or more of his works have been translated annually since 1990. Yet, with only one monograph (József J. Fekete, P.O.S.T) and two doctoral theses devoted to his works, he is one of the most under-researched Hungarian writers, but some critics in France and elsewhere regard him to be as significant as Marcel Proust.
The Petőfi Literary Museum in Budapest has an archive of Szentkuthy's manuscripts which contain unpublished work, including approximately 80–100,000 pages of a sealed diary (1930s–1988). The first part of the diary (1930s–1947) opened to researchers in 2013, the 25th anniversary of his death, and the second part (1948–1988) will be opened in 2038. Szentkuthy professed that the diary is his 'real' work, hence the opening of it should prove illuminating.
Selected bibliography
Novels and novel-essays
- Prae (1934; 1980; 2004)
- Prae: Vol. 1, trans. Tim Wilkinson (Contra Mundum Press, 2014)
- Prae: Vol. 2, trans. Erika Mihálycsa (Contra Mundum Press, 2022)
- Fejezet a szerelemről (1936; 1984). Chapter on Love, trans. Erika Mihálycsa (Contra Mundum Press, 2020)
- Fekete Orpheus-füzetek (1939–1942). Black Orpheus Booklets; later included in St. Orpheus Breviary
- 1. Széljegyzetek Casanovához (1939; 2008). Marginalia on Casanova, trans. Tim Wilkinson (Contra Mundum Press, 2012)
- 2. Fekete Reneszánsz (1939). Black Renaissance, trans. Tim Wilkinson (Contra Mundum Press, 2018)
- 3. Eszkoriál (1940)
- 4. Europa minor (1941)
- 5. Cynthia (1941)
- 6. Vallomás és bábjáték (1942). Confession and Puppet Show
- Divertimento. Változatok Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart életére (1957; 1976; 1998; 2006). Variations on the Life of W. A. Mozart
- Doktor Haydn (1959; 1979; 2009)
- Burgundi krónika (1959; 1978). Burgundy Chronicle
- Hitvita és nászinduló: Wittenberg, Bizánc (1960). Religious Debate and Wedding March: Wittenberg and Byzantium
- Arc és álarc (1962; 1982). Face and Mask
- Megszabadított Jeruzsálem (1965). Jerusalem Liberated
- Saturnus fia (1966; 1989). Son of Saturn; novel about Albrecht Dürer
- Angyali Gigi (1966). Angelic Gigi; novella
- Händel (1967; 1975).
- Meghatározások és szerepek (1969). Definitions and Roles
- II Szilveszter második élete (1972). The Second Life of Sylvester II
- Szent Orpheus breviáriuma (1973–1984). St. Orpheus Breviary:
- Vol. 1 (1973) contains the first four volumes of Black Orpheus Booklets (1. Marginalia on Casanova, 2. Black Renaissance, 3. Eszkoriál, and 4. Europa minor)
- Vol. 2 (1973) contains two more volumes of Black Orpheus Booklets (5. Cynthia, 6. Confession and Puppet Show) and 7. The Second Life of Silvester II
- Vol. 3 (1974) contains 8. Kanonizált kétségbeesés [Canonized Desperation]
- Vol. 4 (1984) contains 9. Véres szamár [Bloody Donkey]
- Szárnyatlan oltárok: Burgundi krónika, Wittenberg (1978). Wingless Altars: Burgundy Chronicle and Wittenberg
- Iniciálék és ámenek (1987). Initials and Amens, collection of shorter prose
Posthumous editions
- Cicero vándorévei (1990)
- Barokk Róbert (1991; 2002). Baroque Robert
- Saint Orpheus's Breviary Vol. 5 (1993) contains 10. Euridiké nyomán [In the Footsteps of Eurydice]
- Bianca Lanza di Casalanza (1994)
- Nárcisszus tükre (written in 1933, first published in 1995). Narcissus’ Mirror
- Bezárult Európa (2000). Europe Is Closed
- Pendragon és XIII. Apolló (written 1946–1947, publ. 2008). Pendragon and Apollo XIII
Essays
- Maupassant egy mai író szemével (1968). Maupassant in a Contemporary Writer's Eyes
- Meghatározások és szerepek (Magvető, 1969)
- Múzsák testamentuma (1985). Testament of the Muses
Short stories and other writings
- Iniciálék és ámenek (Szépirodalmi, 1987).
Diary and memoirs
- Az egyetlen metafora felé (1935, 1985). Towards the One and Only Metaphor, trans. Tim Wilkinson (Contra Mundum Press, 2013)
- Frivolitások és hitvallások (1988). Frivolities & Confessions
- Ágoston olvasás közben (1993). While Reading Augustine
- Harmonikus tépett lélek (1994). A Harmonious Ripped Soul
- Az alázat kalendáriuma (1998). The Almanac of Humility
- Fájdalmok és titkok játéka (2001). The Play of Pains and Secrets
- Az élet faggatottja (beszélgetések, riportok, interjúk Sz.M.-sal) (2006). An Interrogator of Life: Conversations, Reports, and Interviews with Miklós Szenkuthy
Other
- Reakitás és irrealitás viszonya Ben Jonson klasszikus naturalizmusában [The Relationship of Reality to Unreality in the Classical Naturalism of Ben Jonson’]; doctoral thesis (1931)
- Égő katedra (Hamvas Intézet, 2001)
- Örök közelség, ezer emlék (Szentkuthy Miklós válogatott dedikációi) [Immortal Proximity, a Thousand Memories (selected dedications by Miklós Szenkuthy] (2007)
- Szentkuthy Miklós válogatott levelezése [Selected Correspondence of Miklós Szenkuthy] (2008)
- Titkok játéka (P.I.M., 2009)
Translations by Szentkuthy into Hungarian
- Az angol irodalom kincsesháza (Budapest: Athenaeum, 1942) Szerk: Halász Gábor, Sz.M. ford: John Lyly, A szerelem veszélyei; Philip Sidney, A szerelem; John Donne, A halálról, és: Van-e Isten?; Sir Thomas Browne, Önmagáról [About Himself—an excerpt from Religio Medici]; John Milton, Az „Areopagiticá”-ból
- Jonathan Swift, Gulliver utazásai (Szépirodalmi, 1952)
- Álszentek cselekedetei (Szépirodalmi, 1953)
- Howard Fast, Spartacus (Szépirodalmi, 1953)
- Howard Fast, Amerikai legenda (Szépirodalmi, 1954)
- Charles Dickens, Twist Olivér (Új Magyar Könyvkiadó, 1955)
- Halldór Laxness, Független emberek (Új Magyar Könyvkiadó, 1955)
- Henry Lawson, A batyu románca (Új Magyar Könyvkiadó, 1956)
- Békedíjas írók (Új Magyar kiadó,1956)
- Mark Twain, Az egymillió fontos bankjegy (Európa, 1957)
- Mark Twain, Emberevés a vonaton (Magvető, 1966)
- Hagyomány és egyéniség (1967)
- Autóbusz és iguána (Európa, 1968)
- Mark Twain, Mennyei utazás (Európa, 1970)
- James Joyce, Ulysses (Európa, 1974)
- Mark Twain, Megszelídítem a kerékpárt (Európa, 1980)
- Az erőd bevétele (Zrínyi kiadó, Bp. 1980). Válogatás a világirodalom legjobb katona-elbeszéléseiből, 1800–1945
- Henry Lawson, Élhetetlen szerelmesek (Európa, 1984)
- Poe és követői. Rémisztő történetek (Lazi kiadó, Szeged, 2002)
- Odüsszeusztól Ulyssesig (Kriterion, Kolozsvár, 2006)
Videos
- András Jeles, Arc és álarc (Budapest, 1986). A video interview conducted by Pál Réz. This is an excerpt from the original 12–15 hours of footage shot by Jeles. Arc és álarc aired on Hungarian TV, Channel No. 1, in 1991.
- TV Portrait-film (1983)
Archive
The Miklós Szentkuthy Foundation Archive, held by the Petőfi Literary Museum, contains:
- a 1986 video interview (the raw material comprises 12–15 hours),
- a collection of photographs related to Szentkuthy's life (thousands of photos from his grandparents' generation to the death of the writer),
- thousands of bibliographical items: book reviews, critiques, etc. (from 1931 to the present day),
- approx. 200 hours of audio cassettes (1968–present) and VHS tapes (1982 to the present day).

