National intranet · Lablypedia

Such networks generally come with access to state-controlled media and national alternatives to foreign-run Internet services: search engines, web-based email, and so forth.

List of countries with active national intranets

China

China does not maintain a national intranet. Instead, it relies on selective blocking of foreign internet content, a system termed the Great Firewall, combined with censorship of content posted from within its borders, such as by blocking lists of "sensitive" keywords.

North Korea

North Korea's Kwangmyong network, dating back to 2000, is the best-known of this type of network. Cuba and Myanmar also use a similar network system that is separated from the rest of the Internet. The network uses domain names under the .kp top-level domain that are not accessible from the global Internet. As of 2016, the network uses IPv4 addresses reserved for private networks in the 10.0.0.0/8 range.

Iran

The National Information Network of Iran works like the Great Firewall of China. In April 2011, a senior Iranian official, Ali Agha-Mohammadi announced government plans to launch its own "halal Internet", which would conform to Islamic values and provide "appropriate" services. Creating such a network, similar to the North Korean example, would prevent unwanted information from outside Iran getting into the closed system. The Iranian walled garden would have had its own localized email service and search engine. Iran conducted the longest internet shutdown in history, the 2026 Internet blackout in Iran, and imported internet censorship hardware from China.

Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan blocks foreign websites by ISP since 2009, including YouTube.

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List of countries with national intranets underway or being tested

Russia

In 2020, Russia tested a national, internal internet known as RuNet. Since the invasion of Ukraine began in February 2022, Russia blocked almost all global online platforms such Facebook, Instagram, X, TikTok, Discord, Roblox, Telegram, YouTube and more due to the 2022 war censorship laws which criminalised the spread of “misinformation” regarding the war in Ukraine. Some of these platforms, such as Roblox, have been unbanned in the country.

List of countries with national intranets being prepared

Myanmar

Myanmar, before 2011, while it was ruled by a military junta, used to have a separate intranet for domestic use called Myanmar Wide Web.

Cuba

Cuba has its own state-controlled intranet called national web.

List of countries with defunct national intranets

Tunisia (2007-2011)

During the regime of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in Tunisia, foreign online platforms such as YouTube, Dailymotion, and Facebook were subject to filtration and censorship by the government. Upon his deposition amidst the Arab Spring protests, the government of acting president Fouad Mebazaa would terminate said censorship of these platforms.

List of countries with national intranets being attempted

Australia

Despite being a western democratic country, WikiLeak exposed a 2009 proposal which would require ISPs to block websites and URLs that host “Refused Classification” (RC) content such as child sexual abuse, both real or fictional, illegal pornography or violent video games, which were banned until 2013, and to impose fines costing up to AU$11,000 per day for internet users sending or posting links banned in Australia. Downloading, commenting, liking or accessing websites containing RC rated sites through VPNs or other bypassing methods is also prohibited and strictly enforced by airport electronic device checks if violating devices are caught, due to the fact that these sites host too much RC content to the point that it is very difficult for online platforms to take them down to comply. Critics worry that lawmakers may consider blocking entire platforms websites such as YouTube, X, and Reddit if they fail to take this content down. During protests in 2009 that followed the leak of these bills, Australian police warned that anyone found guilty of leaking documents and secretly blacklisted websites could face up to 10 years in prison. Following the outcry, the bill was repealed in 2012.