Politics of Apulia
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Through Representative democracy, Multi-party system and Legislature
Prior to the rise of Fascism, most of the deputies elected in Apulia were part of the liberal establishment (see Historical Right, Historical Left and Liberals), which governed Italy for decades. At the 1924 general election, which opened the way to the Fascist authoritarian rule, Apulia was one of the regions where the National Fascist Party (PNF) obtained more than 50% of the vote.
After World War II, Apulia became a stronghold of the Christian Democracy (DC), which was especially strong in rural areas. The region is now considered a stronghold of the "centre-left coalition" led by the Democratic Party (PD), having been governed by such alliance since 2005.
Between 2005 and 2015 the region was headed by Nichi Vendola, the first openly LGBT heads of a regional government in Italy.
Legislative branch
The Regional Council of Apulia (Consiglio Regionale della Puglia) is composed of 51 members, 50 councillors and the President. 23 councillors are elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 27 councillors (elected in a general ticket) come from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat is reserved for the candidate who comes second.
The Council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent clause introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the Council is dissolved and a snap election is called.
2020–2025 composition
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Executive branch
The Regional Government (Giunta Regionale) is presided by the President of the Region (Presidente della Regione), who is elected for a five-year term, and is currently composed by 10 members: the President and 9 regional ministers or assessors (Assessori), including a Vice President (Vice Presidente).
Current composition
The current Regional Government was sworn in on 24 November 2020.
List of presidents
The current President of Apulia is Michele Emiliano, who is serving his second term after winning the 2020 regional election.
- Presidents elected by the Regional Council (1970–1995)
- Directly-elected presidents (since 1995)
Local government
Provinces and Metropolitan City
Apulia is divided into five provinces and one metropolitan city.
After the 2014 reform of local authorities the Province of Bari was replaced by the new Metropolitan City of Bari. Since 2014 the president of the province is no more elected directly by citizens, but is chosen by mayors and councilors of the municipalities of the province.
Municipalities
Apulia is also divided into 258 comuni (municipalities), which have even more history, having been established in the Middle Ages when they were the main places of government. There are eight provincial capital cities in Apulia, as the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani is the only province in Italy with three capital cities.
There are 258 communes in Apulia (as of January 2019):
- 41 in the Metropolitan City of Bari
- 10 in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani
- 20 in the Province of Brindisi
- 61 in the Province of Foggia
- 97 in the Province of Lecce
- 29 in the Province of Taranto
Provincial capitals
Other municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants
Parties and elections
Latest regional election
In the latest regional election, which took place on 20–21 September 2020, Michele Emiliano of the Democratic Party was re-elected President with 46.8% of the vote.