Secoviridae
Family of viruses
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Taxonomy
The family includes the following genera (-virinae denotes subfamily and -virus denotes genus):
- Comovirinae
- Comovirus
- Fabavirus
- Mersevirus
- Nepovirus
- Unassigned to a subfamily:
- Cheravirus
- Sadwavirus
- Sequivirus
- Stralarivirus
- Strawberry latent ringspot virus
- Torradovirus
- Waikavirus
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Structure
Viruses in Secoviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 25-30 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, bipartite, around 24-7kb in length.
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical.
Evolution
The subfamily Comovirinae evolved ~1,000 years ago with extant species diversifying between 50 and 250 years ago. This time period coincides with the intensification of agricultural practices in industrial societies.
The mutation rate has been estimated to be 9.29×10−3 to 2.74×10−3 subs/site/year.