Submasseteric space
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Anatomic boundaries
The boundaries of each submasseteric space are:
- the anterior margin of the masseter muscle anteriorly,
- the parotid gland posteriorly,
- the zygomatic arch superiorly,
- the inferior border of the mandible inferiorly,
- the lateral surface of the mandibular ramus medially (the submasseteric space is superficial to the mandible),
- the masseter muscle laterally (the submasseteric space is deep to masseter).
Communications
The communications of each submasseteric space are:
- to the buccal space anteriorly,
- to the pterygomandibular space (around the posterior margin of the mandibular ramus to its medial surface) and the parotid space posteriorly,
- to the superficial temporal space superiorly.
Contents
In health, the space contains:
- the masseteric artery and vein.
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Clinical significance
Submasseteric abscesses are relatively rare, and may be confused with a parotid abscess or parotitis. They tend to be chronic. The submasseteric space may be involved by infections that spread from the buccal space. Sometimes mandibular fractures in the region of the angle of the mandible may cause an infection of the submasseteric space. The signs and symptoms of a submasseteric abscess may include marked trismus (i.e. difficulty opening the mouth, since the masseter elevates the mandible and it becomes restricted) and swelling in the region of the masseter muscle. The treatment of a submasseteric space infection is usually by surgical incision and drainage, and the incision is placed intra-orally (inside the mouth) or both intra and extra-orally if other parts of the masticator space are involved.
Odontogenic infections
The submasseteric space is sometimes involved by the spread of odontogenic infections, such as a pericoronal abscess associated with an impacted mandibular third molar (lower wisdom tooth) when the apices of the tooth lie very close to or within the space.