William Niven

In Mexico

Niven eventually became interested in archaeology through his travels to Mexico and excavations being undertaken there at the time. Niven began his archaeological work in Guerrero, Mexico where, among of other work, he purchased the first rediscovered Xochipala-style figurine. Due to the Mexican Revolution of 1910, however, he was forced to move to the Valley of Mexico.

The "Niven Tablets"

In 1921, Niven discovered the first of over 100 andesite tablets on a dig in San Miguel Amantla, Azcapotzalco, which was an important city-state conquered by Aztec Triple Alliance in 1431. The area now forms part of northwestern Mexico City. The indecipherable markings on these tablets were the subject of much controversy over the last years of Niven's life.

The so-called Niven Tablets are and have been surrounded by controversy since their discovery by Niven in 1921. They have been associated with Scandinavian petroglyphs as posited by Ludovic Mann and they have also been associated with lost continent theories. Their association with lost continent theories comes through James Churchward's interpretation of the symbols found on the tablets.

James Churchward offered an interpretation of the tablets that caused less belief in their authenticity. Churchward was a major proponent of theories regarding lost continents, specifically the continent of Mu. He believed that early in the history of the world there existed a continent which was called Mu. This civilization, according to Churchward and many others, was very technologically advanced but was destroyed due to natural disaster. After viewing rubbings of Niven's tablets Churchward strongly believed that there were a group of people that escaped destruction and migrated to other parts of the world spreading their culture and belief system. He believed that the symbols and markings found on the tablets had roots in the ancient culture of Mu. This furthered speculation that the tablets were a hoax. Historian Ronald H. Fritze has noted that archaeologists have dismissed Churchward's pseudohistorical ideas and Niven's tablets were a "crude although voluminous hoax".

Niven spent the good part of his life selling the tablets and trying to find out their origin and meaning. This was never accomplished. The tablets were interpreted by many people and many theories were posited, but to no avail. They were eventually lost during the latter part of Niven's life, during their attempted shipment from Mexico to the US. The only remaining evidence is the rubbings that were taken from the actual tablets.

Family

William Niven was born on 6 October 1850 in Bellshill, Lanarkshire, Scotland to William Niven and Sarah Brown. He was the second of eight children.

Niven's grandson, Roland H. Harrison, co-authored the book Buried Cities, Forgotten Gods, which is a record of Niven's life and work.

In fiction

Niven is the basis for the character William Givens in Katherine Anne Porter's short story Maria Concepcion.