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Xenambulacraria

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Through Animal, Chordate and Molecular genetics

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If confirmed, the clade would either be the sister group to the chordates (if deuterostomes are monophyletic) or the sister group to all the other bilaterians, grouped together in Centroneuralia (with deuterostomes being paraphyletic).

Although the validity of the clade relies mostly on phylogenomics, molecular genetics studies have proposed pigment cell clusters expressing polyketide synthase (PKS) and sulfotransferase as a synapomorphy of Xenambulacraria.

Phylogeny

Xenambulacraria has usually been recovered as a clade inside of either of two distinct phylogenies.

Basal Xenambulacraria

The following phylogeny assumes a paraphyletic Deuterostomia, with Xenambulacraria at the base of Bilateria.

Xenambulacraria inside Deuterostomia

The following phylogeny assumes a monophyletic Deuterostomia, with Xenambulacraria nested inside of it.

More in Animals

Monotypic taxonTaxonomic group with only one subordinate taxonSpecies descriptionFormal description of a discovered speciesParaphylyType of taxonomic groupIUCN Red ListInventory of the global conservation status of biological speciesSubtropicsGeographic and climate zoneCommon nameName generally used for a taxon, group of taxa or organism(s)