Yanshi, Luoyang
District in Henan, China
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Through Material culture
In 1993, Yanshi County became the county-level Yanshi City. In 2021, it became Yanshi District of Luoyang City.
Administrative divisions
As of 2012, Yanshi is divided to 11 towns and 3 townships.
- Towns
- Chengguan (城关镇)
- Shouyangshan (首阳山镇)
- Dianzhuang (佃庄镇)
- Zhaizhen (翟镇镇)
- Yuetan (岳滩镇)
- Guxian (顾县镇)
- Goushi (缑氏镇)
- Fudian (府店镇)
- Gaolong (高龙镇)
- Koudian (寇店镇)
- Pangcun (庞村镇)
- Townships
- Shanhua Township (山化乡)
- Mangling Township (邙岭乡)
- Dakou Township (大口乡)
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Climate
Archaeological sites
Erlitou
Erlitou, the type site of the Erlitou culture (1900–1500 BC), was discovered in Yanshi in 1959. As the Erlitou culture is theorized to be the material culture of the Xia dynasty, the Yanshi site was theorized to be a Shang stronghold before the fall of the Xia.
Yanshi Shang City
In 1983, a walled city dating from 1600 BC was found 6 km (3.7 mi) north-east of the Erlitou site in Yanshi's Shixianggou Township. This city, later known as Yanshi Shang City (偃师商城, Yǎnshī Shāngchéng), had an area of nearly 200 ha (490 acres) and featured pottery characteristic of the Erligang culture. Some scholars—including the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project—identify it with the first Shang dynasty capital, Western Bo (西亳, Xībó) which was traditionally credited to King Tang after his defeat of the Xia dynasty.
During the 11th century BC, new city fortifications were constructed to "settle down the Rong armies" (息偃戎师, Yanshi in short) after the King Wu of Zhou and his Rong allies defeated the Shang.