1,000,000,000,000

Properties

1,000,000,000,000 is written in scientific notation as 1 × 10¹² or 10¹² (1E+12 or simply 1E12 in E notation). It is a perfect power, harshad number, square number (1,000,000²), cube number (10,000³), tesseractic number (1,000⁴), and a 6-hypercube number (100⁶). It is also even, composite, abundant, polite, practical, frugal, and regular.

1,000,000,000,000 has a total of 169 divisors (156 even, 13 odd), whose geometric mean is 1,000,000. The sum of all its divisors (including itself) is 2,499,694,822,171; therefore, its aliquot sum is 1,499,694,822,171, and its abundance is 499,694,822,171. All divisors are displayed below:

1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 64, 80, 100, 125, 128, 160, 200, 250, 256, 320, 400, 500, 512, 625, 640, 800, 1000, 1024, 1250, 1280, 1600, 2000, 2048, 2500, 2560, 3125, 3200, 4000, 4096, 5000, 5120, 6250, 6400, 8000, 10000, 10240, 12500, 12800, 15625, 16000, 20000, 20480, 25000, 25600, 31250, 32000, 40000, 50000, 51200, 62500, 64000, 78125, 80000, 100000, 102400, 125000, 128000, 156250, 160000, 200000, 250000, 256000, 312500, 320000, 390625, 400000, 500000, 512000, 625000, 640000, 781250, 800000, 1000000, 1250000, 1280000, 1562500, 1600000, 1953125, 2000000, 2500000, 2560000, 3125000, 3200000, 3906250, 4000000, 5000000, 6250000, 6400000, 7812500, 8000000, 9765625, 10000000, 12500000, 12800000, 15625000, 16000000, 19531250, 20000000, 25000000, 31250000, 32000000, 39062500, 40000000, 48828125, 50000000, 62500000, 64000000, 78125000, 80000000, 97656250, 100000000, 125000000, 156250000, 160000000, 195312500, 200000000, 244140625, 250000000, 312500000, 320000000, 390625000, 400000000, 488281250, 500000000, 625000000, 781250000, 800000000, 976562500, 1000000000, 1250000000, 1562500000, 1600000000, 1953125000, 2000000000, 2500000000, 3125000000, 3906250000, 4000000000, 5000000000, 6250000000, 7812500000, 8000000000, 10000000000, 12500000000, 15625000000, 20000000000, 25000000000, 31250000000, 40000000000, 50000000000, 62500000000, 100000000000, 125000000000, 200000000000, 250000000000, 500000000000, 1000000000000

1,000,000,000,000 has an Euler totient of 400,000,000,000, and a cototient of 600,000,000,000. There are 37,607,912,018 positive primes less than it.

Below is the list of basic calculations of 1,000,000,000,000:

Scientific usage

For physical quantities, the metric prefix tera- (symbol T) indicates 1,000,000,000,000 times the base unit. For example, 10¹² bits of data is called a terabit, 10¹² joules of energy is called a terajoule, and 10¹² watts of power is called a terawatt.

The computing performance of 10¹² floating point operations per second (teraFLOPS) is known as terascale computing. It is the performance of several supercomputers, such as NEC SX-4, Intel's ASCI Red, and iPhone 15 Pro September 2023 A17 Pro processor.

Sense of scale

Some comparisons below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000,000 (10¹²) is, according to current evidence.

Time

• 10¹² seconds (a terasecond, about 31,688 years) ago, homo sapiens were living as hunter-gatherers.
• 10¹² minutes (about 1.9 million years) ago, Homo erectus arose in Africa, and early expansions of hominins out of Africa started as archaic humans moved throughout Eurasia.
• 10¹² hours (about 114 million years) ago, Late Cretaceous dinosaurs dominated the land, and giant squids thrived in the oceans.
• 10¹² days (about 2.74 × 10⁹ years) ago, Earth was a world where only single-celled microorganisms existed. 10¹² days from now, Earth's overall surface temperature will reach 420 K (296 °F; 147 °C). All life on Earth will be extinct, except single-celled microorganisms.
• 10¹² months (about 83 × 10⁹ years) ago, the universe did not exist. 10¹² months from now, the Moon may collide with the Earth or be torn apart to form an orbital ring, if both have not already been destroyed.
• 10¹² years—a teraannus—is 70 times the age of the universe. 10¹² years from now, star formation may end in galaxies as they lack gas clouds to form new stars, and evidence of Big Bang may become undetectable.

Distance

• 10¹² inches is about 15 million miles (24 million km), approximately 1/6th the distance from the Earth to the Sun.
• 10¹² metres (a terametre) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun. It is the estimated diameter of Betelgeuse, a red supergiant star.
• 10¹² kilometres (a petametre) is about 1/10th a light-year.

Area

• 10¹² square inches is approximately the total area of Saint Lucia, an island country in the eastern Caribbean.
• 10¹² square feet is larger than the total area of Portugal.
• 10¹² square metres is approximately the total area of Ethiopia, the 26th largest country on Earth.
• 10¹² square kilometres is almost 2,000 times the Earth's total surface area.

Volume

• If 10¹² cubic metres of water were spread evenly over the Moon's surface, it would create a layer of water approximately 2.6 centimetres (1.0 in) deep.
• 10¹² grains of sand would occupy a volume of about 2 cubic metres (71 ft³).

Economy

• Spain's GDP in 2024 was approximately US$1.73 × 10¹².
• Elon Musk's estimated net worth reached US$1 × 10¹² in 2026.
• SpaceX's market capitalization reached US$2 × 10¹² in 2026.
• Nvidia's market capitalization reached US$5.5 × 10¹² in 2026.

Nature

• The surface of the human body houses around 10¹² bacteria.
• An average-sized mountain weighs about 10¹² kilograms.
• Andromeda Galaxy, Milky Way's neighbor, contains about 10¹² stars.
• There are around 2 × 10¹² galaxies in the observable universe.
• There were around 3 × 10¹² trees on Earth in 2015.
• There are around 3.5 × 10¹² fish in the ocean.

Selected 13-digit numbers (1,000,000,000,001–9,999,999,999,999)

1,000,000,000,001 to 1,999,999,999,999

• 1,000,000,000,039 : smallest 13-digit prime number
• 1,000,001,326,005 : 1,414,214th triangular number
• 1,000,002,000,001 = 1,000,001², palindromic square
• 1,004,006,004,001 = 1,002,001² = 1,001⁴, palindromic fourth power
• 1,061,520,150,601 = 1,030,301² = 10,201³ = 101⁶
• 1,062,991,989,013 : number of square (0,1)-matrices without zero rows and with exactly 11 entries equal to 1
• 1,070,710,724,173 : 153rd Markov number
• 1,099,511,627,776 = 256⁵ = 16¹⁰ = 4²⁰ = 2⁴⁰, binary approximation of metric prefix tera-
• 1,099,511,629,376 : Leyland number using 2 & 40 (2⁴⁰ + 40²)
• 1,099,511,787,776 : Leyland number using 4 & 20 (4²⁰ + 20⁴)
• 1,111,111,111,111 : repunit
• 1,117,594,214,815 : 62nd perfect totient number
• 1,124,388,064,800 : 67th superabundant number
• 1,125,000,750,000 : sum of first 1,500,000 natural numbers
• 1,141,246,682,444 = 2²×11¹¹
• 1,177,269,848,575 : 63rd perfect totient number
• 1,184,065,449,986 : 154th Markov number
• 1,202,590,842,879 : 35th Woodall number
• 1,226,280,710,981 : 15th alternating factorial
• 1,277,956,497,400 : initial number of seventh-century xx00 to xx99 containing exactly seventeen prime numbers (1,277,956,497,400+n, for n = 1, 7, 9, 13, 27, 31, 37, 39, 49, 51, 57, 63, 73, 79, 81, 87, 97)
• 1,289,904,147,324 : 24th Catalan number
• 1,307,674,368,000 = 15!
• 1,307,674,368,120 : 15th factoriangular number
• 1,338,193,159,771 : number of posets with 14 unlabeled elements
• 1,373,119,300,369 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 45 nodes
• 1,419,855,914,607 : 38th Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 1,427,933,269,321 : 155th Markov number
• 1,466,024,067,850 : number of 48-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent
• 1,489,877,926,680 : 5th 8-dimensional Catalan number
• 1,490,542,435,045 : 156th Markov number
• 1,497,207,322,930 : number of 47-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed
• 1,499,694,822,171 : aliquot sum of 1,000,000,000,000
• 1,513,744,654,945 : 33rd Pell number, 157th Markov number
• 1,523,548,331,041 = 1,234,321² = 1,111⁴
• 1,548,008,755,920 : 60th Fibonacci number
• 1,563,135,350,013 : number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 36 nodes
• 1,618,362,158,587 : 19th Schröder–Hipparchus number
• 1,697,385,471,211 : 30th Motzkin number
• 1,706,111,387,068 : number of centered hydrocarbons with 37 carbon atoms
• 1,722,099,665,665 : 158th Markov number
• 1,915,868,454,737 : 159th Markov number
• 1,927,522,396,800 : 68th superabundant number
• 1,934,197,506,555 : 48th repfigit
• 1,961,990,553,600 = 24!!

2,000,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999,999

• 2,000,001,000,000 : sum of first 2,000,000 natural numbers
• 2,076,871,684,802 : 160th Markov number
• 2,122,553,644,686 : number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 35 nucleotides
• 2,135,248,790,338 : 161st Markov number
• 2,156,735,837,173 : 162nd Markov number
• 2,222,222,222,222 : repdigit
• 2,236,994,992,300 : initial number of eighth century xx00 to xx99 containing exactly seventeen prime numbers (2,236,994,992,300+n, for n = 1, 3, 7, 13, 19, 21, 27, 39, 57, 61, 63, 67, 69, 73, 81, 91, 99)
• 2,248,776,129,600 : 69th superabundant number, 100th highly composite number, 18th superior highly composite number
• 2,262,366,343,746 : number of trees with 35 unlabeled nodes
• 2,328,903,057,600 : amount of milliseconds in the average human lifetime of 73.8 calendar years.
• 2,329,089,562,800 : highly composite number; least common multiple of every number from 1 to 30.
• 2,473,901,162,495 : 36th Woodall number
• 2,499,694,822,171 : sum of all divisors of 1,000,000,000,000
• 2,504,730,781,961 : 61st Fibonacci number, 163rd Markov number
• 2,541,865,828,329 = 9¹³ = 3²⁶, 64th perfect totient number
• 2,541,865,845,905 : Leyland number using 3 & 26 (3²⁶ + 26³)
• 2,552,470,327,702 : Leyland number using 9 & 13 (9¹³ + 13⁹)
• 2,557,227,044,764 : number of free polyominoes with 25 cells
• 2,821,109,907,456 = 1,679,616² = 1,296⁴ = 36⁸ = 6¹⁶
• 2,821,126,684,672 : Leyland number using 6 & 16 (6¹⁶ + 16⁶)
• 2,872,202,028,517 : number of 49-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent
• 2,906,166,827,065 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 46 nodes
• 2,932,031,358,484 : number of 48-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed
• 2,959,365,073,955 ≈ 10^(3*π+3), rounded-up pi-illion

3,000,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999,999

• 3,099,893,879,221 : 164th Markov number
• 3,125,001,250,000 : sum of first 2,500,000 natural numbers
• 3,204,941,750,802 : number of positive primes less than 10¹⁴
• 3,212,537,328,000 : 101st highly composite number
• 3,236,724,317,174 : 19th Schröder number
• 3,257,843,882,624 : 23rd telephone number
• 3,267,653,834,825 : 165th Markov number
• 3,333,333,333,333 : repdigit
• 3,373,164,194,400 : 70th superabundant number, 102nd highly composite number
• 3,389,524,479,050 : 39th Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 3,494,391,117,164 : number of signed trees with 22 nodes
• 3,512,479,453,921 = 1,874,161² = 1,369⁴ = 37⁸
• 3,654,502,875,938 : 34th Pell number
• 3,809,950,977,008 : 16th logarithmic number
• 3,814,697,265,625 = 1,953,125² = 25⁹ = 5¹⁸
• 3,814,699,155,193 : Leyland number using 5 & 18 (5¹⁸ + 18⁵)
• 3,899,735,407,806 : number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 37 nodes

4,000,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999,999

• 4,052,739,537,881 : 62nd Fibonacci number
• 4,360,711,162,037 : 166th Markov number
• 4,444,444,444,444 : repdigit
• 4,492,268,106,137 : number of centered hydrocarbons with 38 carbon atoms
• 4,497,552,259,200 : 71st superabundant number, 103rd highly composite number
• 4,500,001,500,000 : sum of first 3,000,000 natural numbers
• 4,508,515,437,145 : 167th Markov number
• 4,643,961,467,965 : 168th Markov number
• 4,658,179,125,600 : 72nd superabundant number
• 4,747,561,509,943 = 16,807³ = 343⁵ = 7¹⁵
• 4,747,732,369,318 : Leyland number using 7 & 15 (7¹⁵ + 15⁷)
• 4,859,761,676,391 : 31st Motzkin number
• 4,861,946,401,452 : 25th Catalan number

5,000,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999,999

• 5,085,241,278,463 : 37th Woodall number
• 5,336,735,929,371 : number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 36 nucleotides
• 5,528,778,008,357 : 169th Markov number
• 5,555,555,555,555 : repdigit
• 5,587,637,513,705 : 170th Markov number
• 5,629,516,646,996 : number of 50-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent
• 5,744,387,279,818 : number of 49-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed
• 5,832,742,205,057 : 19th Bell number
• 5,878,625,373,184 : rounded-up length of a light-year in miles

6,000,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999,999

• 6,073,061,476,032 : self-descriptive number in base 12
• 6,125,001,750,000 : sum of first 3,500,000 natural numbers
• 6,155,434,522,614 : number of series-reduced planted trees with 47 nodes
• 6,226,306,037,178 : number of trees with 36 unlabeled nodes
• 6,557,470,319,842 : 63rd Fibonacci number, 171st Markov number
• 6,666,666,666,666 : repdigit
• 6,746,328,388,800 : 73rd superabundant number, 104th highly composite number
• 6,963,472,309,248 : 4th taxicab number

7,000,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999,999

• 7,163,627,708,162 : 172nd Markov number
• 7,420,738,134,810 : 12th primorial
• 7,625,597,484,987 = 19,683³ = 27⁹ = 3²⁷ = 3³³ = ³3 = ₂3, megafugathree
• 7,625,597,504,670 : Leyland number using 3 & 27 (3²⁷ + 27³)
• 7,777,777,777,777 : repdigit
• 7,905,853,580,625 = 25!!

8,000,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999,999

• 8,000,002,000,000 : sum of first 4,000,000 natural numbers
• 8,099,766,813,570 : 40th Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 8,115,549,747,397 : 173rd Markov number
• 8,649,755,859,375 = 15¹¹
• 8,756,963,649,152 : 49th repfigit
• 8,759,309,660,445 : 20th Schröder–Hipparchus number
• 8,822,750,406,821 : 35th Pell number, 174th Markov number
• 8,888,888,888,888 : repdigit
• 8,916,100,448,256 = 2985984² = 20736³ = 144⁶ = 12¹²
• 8,995,104,518,400 : 105th highly composite number

9,000,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999,999

• 9,210,000,001,000 : 10th autobiographical number
• 9,316,358,251,200 : 74th superabundant number, 106th highly composite number
• 9,460,730,472,581 : rounded-up length of a light-year in kilometres
• 9,739,810,110,758 : number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 38 nodes
• 9,787,184,545,081 : 175th Markov number
• 9,918,212,890,625 : 24th 1-automorphic number
• 9,925,594,216,162 : 176th Markov number
• 9,999,088,822,075 : number of free polyominoes with 26 cells
• 9,999,999,999,971 : largest 13-digit prime number
• 9,999,999,999,999 : largest 13-digit number, repdigit