Capital offences in China

List of capital offenses

Crimes Endangering National Security

Endangering national security is among the crime categories included in the 1997 revision of China's criminal code. It comprises Articles 102 to 113 of the 1997 Criminal Law and imposes the confiscation of property as a supplementary penalty. The crimes included are:

1. Treason
2. Separatism
3. Armed rebellion, rioting
4. Collaborating with the enemy
5. Spying
6. Selling state secrets
7. Providing material support to the enemy

Crimes Endangering Public Security

1. Arson
2. Flooding
3. Bombing
4. Spreading dangerous substances (e.g., radioactive, toxic, pathogenic)
5. Endangering public safety through dangerous means
6. Sabotaging electricity equipment
7. Sabotaging gas, fuel, petroleum, or other flammables or explosives
8. Sabotaging transport vehicles
9. Sabotaging transport equipment
10. Hijacking aircraft
11. Illegal manufacturing, selling, transport, postal delivery, or storage of firearms, ammunition or explosives
12. Illegal manufacturing, selling, transporting or storing dangerous materials
13. Theft or snatching of firearms, ammunition, explosives or other dangerous substances
14. Robbery of firearms, ammunition, explosives or other dangerous substances

Economic crimes

1. Production or sale of counterfeit medicine
2. Production or sale of poisonous or hazardous food products

Crimes against people

1. Intentional homicide
2. Intentional assault causing death or causing permanent disability through cruel means
3. Rape
4. Kidnapping
5. Trafficking women and children

Crimes against property

1. Robbery

Crimes against public order

1. Violent prison escape
2. Raiding a prison
3. Smuggling, selling, transporting or manufacturing illegal drugs

Crimes against national defense

1. Sabotaging weapons, military installations, or military communications
2. Providing substandard weapons or military installations

Corruption and bribery

1. Embezzlement
2. Accepting bribes

Breach of duty by soldiers

1. Insubordination
2. Concealment or false reporting of military intelligence
3. Refusing to pass or falsely passing orders
4. Surrender
5. Cowardice on the battlefield
6. Defection with aircraft or ships
7. Stealing or illegally providing military secrets to foreign institutions, organizations or individuals
8. Theft or snatching of military weaponry or materiel
9. Illegally selling or transferring military weaponry or equipment
10. Killing innocent inhabitants of war zones or looting their property