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- Magnus HirschfeldGerman sexologist (1868–1935)
- Maitreyi DeviMaitreyi Devi (or Maitreyī Devī; 10 September 1914 – 29 January 1989) was an Indian poet a
- Making Democracy WorkMaking Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (ISBN 9780691037387) is a 1993 boo
- Manning ClarkAustralian historian (1915–1991)
- Manning MarableAmerican academic (1950–2011)
- Manuel CastellsSpanish sociologist and politician
- Manuel GamioMexican anthropologist
- Marc OkrandAmerican linguist
- Marcia LangtonAustralian Aboriginal scholar and activist
- Margaret LantisMargaret Lantis (September 1, 1906 – September 8, 2006) was an American anthropologist, Es
- Margaret MurrayBritish Egyptologist (1863–1963)
- María ZambranoSpanish philosopher (1904–1991)
- Marianne MithunAmerican linguist (born 1946)
- Marie-Louise von FranzGerman-born Swiss Jungian analyst and scholar (1915–1998)
- Mario TrontiItalian philosopher and politician (1931–2023)
- Mark MonmonierAmerican geographer and cartographer
- MarktbreitMarktbreit am Main (German: ) is a town in the district of Kitzingen in the Regierungsbezi
- Markus HerzGerman philosopher (1747–1803)
- Marsilius of InghenDutch philosopher
- Martin BehaimGerman cartographer
- Martin Litchfield WestBritish philologist and classical scholar (1937–2015)
- Martin SchrettingerGerman priest and librarian (1772 - 1851)
- Martin SeligmanAmerican psychologist and writer (born 1942)
- Martin WaldseemüllerGerman cartographer and scholar (c. 1470 – 1520)
- Mary AstellEnglish feminist philosopher and writer (1666–1731)
- Mary Bateson (historian)Mary Bateson (12 September 1865, Robin Hood's Bay – 30 November 1906, Cambridge) was a Bri
- Mary BeardEnglish classicist (born 1955)
- Mary BerensonAmerican art historian (1864–1945)
- Mary DalyAmerican feminist philosopher and theologian (1928–2010)
- Mary GarrardAmerican art historian
- Mary KingsleyEnglish ethnographer, scientific writer and explorer (1862–1900)
- Mary LeakeyBritish paleoanthropologist (1913–1996)
- Mary MidgleyEnglish philosopher (1919–2018)
- Mary Whiton CalkinsAmerican philosopher and psychologist
- Mary WollstonecraftEnglish writer and philosopher (1759–1797)
- Masanobu FukuokaJapanese farmer and philosopher (1913–2008)
- Matija ČopSlovene linguist
- Matrakçı NasuhBosnian Ottoman polymath (1480 – c. 1564)
- Matthias RingmannAlsatian humanist and cosmographer
- Maurice BlanchotFrench writer (1907–2003)
- Maurice Saatchi, Baron SaatchiBritish businessman and politician (born 1946)
- Max SchelerGerman philosopher (1874–1928)
- Maynard PirsigMaynard E. Pirsig, LLD, (/ˈpɜːrsɪɡ/; January 9, 1902 - February 7, 1997) was an American l
- Melanie KleinAustrian-British psychoanalyst (1882–1960)
- Melvil DeweyInventor of the Dewey Decimal system (1851–1931)
- Mesrop MashtotsArmenian theologian and linguist (362–440)
- Michael BadenAmerican pathologist (born 1934)
- Michael HallidayBritish linguist (1925–2018)
- Michael Howard (historian)English military historian (1922–2019)
- Michael PolanyiHungarian-British polymath (1891–1976)
- Michael PorterAmerican businessman and professor (born 1947)
- Michael PsellosByzantine monk, writer and court official (c. 1018 – c. 1096)
- Michael SilversteinAmerican linguist (1945–2020)
- Michael SpenceCanadian-American economist and Nobel Laureate (born 1943)
- Michael VentrisEnglish architect who deciphered Linear B (1922–1956)
- Michel AflaqSyrian philosopher, sociologist and Arab nationalist (1910–1989)
- Michel ThomasAmerican linguist
- Miguel de UnamunoSpanish writer, philosopher and academic (1864–1936)
- Mikael Agricola16th-century Finnish clergyman and the official founder of literary Finnish
- Mike Davis (scholar)American historian and social critic (1946–2022)
- Milton H. EricksonAmerican psychiatrist (1901–1980)
- Monique WittigFrench writer (1935–2003)
- Moral intellectualismMoral intellectualism or ethical intellectualism is a view in meta-ethics according to whi
- Moritz SchlickGerman philosopher and physicist (1883–1936)
- Moriz HauptMoriz or Moritz Haupt (27 July 1808 – 5 February 1874), was a German philologist.
- Morris HalleLatvian-American linguist (1923–2018)
- Motoori NorinagaJapanese scholar and philosopher (1730–1801)
- Mou Tsung-sanChinese philosopher and translator
- Multiple realizabilityIn the philosophy of mind, multiple realizability is the thesis that the same mental prope
- Muzafer SherifTurkish-American psychologist (1906–1988)
- Mykhailo HrushevskyUkrainian historian and politician (1866–1934)