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- G-factor (physics)Ratio of magnetic moment and angular momentum
- G-structure on a manifoldIn differential geometry, a G-structure on an n-manifold M, for a given structure group G,
- G. M. B. DobsonBritish physicist (1889–1976)
- Gabriel AeppliAmerican physicist
- Gabriele VenezianoItalian theoretical physicist
- Gain (electronics)Ability of a circuit to increase the power or amplitude of a signal
- Gain (laser)In laser physics, gain or amplification is a process where the medium transfers part of it
- Galilean invarianceLow-velocity approximation of special relativity
- Galilean transformationConcept in physics and mathematics
- GammaThird letter of the Greek alphabet
- Gamma rayPenetrating form of electromagnetic radiation
- Gamma spectroscopyQuantitative study of the energy spectra of gamma-ray sources
- Gamma-ray laserA gamma-ray laser, or graser, is a hypothetical device that would produce coherent gamma r
- GamutColor reproduction capability
- Gary GibbonsBritish theoretical physicist
- GasState of matter
- Gauge bosonElementary particles that are force carriers
- Gauge fixingIn the physics of gauge theories, gauge fixing (also called choosing a gauge) denotes a ma
- Gauge gravitation theoryAttempt to extend Yang–Mills theory to gravity
- Gauge symmetry (mathematics)Differential operator acting on vector bundles
- Gauge theoryPhysical theory with fields invariant under the action of local "gauge" Lie groups
- Gauge theory gravityGeometric algebra approach to gravity
- Gauss's lawFoundational law of electromagnetism relating electric field and charge distributions
- Gauss's law for gravityIn physics, Gauss's law for gravity, also known as Gauss's flux theorem for gravity, is a
- Gauss's law for magnetismFoundational law of classical magnetism
- Gay-Lussac's lawRelationship between pressure and temperature of a gas at constant volume
- Geiger–Müller tubePart of a Geiger counter
- General covariancePrinciple stating that physical laws are the same in all coordinate systems
- General mn-type image filterThese filters are electrical wave filters designed using the image method. They are an inv
- General relativityTheory of gravitation as curved spacetime
- General Relativity (book)General Relativity is a graduate textbook and reference on Albert Einstein's general theor
- Generalized complex structureIn the field of mathematics known as differential geometry, a generalized complex structur
- Generalized coordinatesSystem configuration relative to another
- Generalized Kac–Moody algebraIn mathematics, a generalized Kac–Moody algebra is a Lie algebra that is similar to a Kac–
- Generation (particle physics)Division of elementary particles
- Generator (mathematics)Element of interest in an algebraic structure
- GeodesicStraight path on a curved surface or a Riemannian manifold
- Geodesics in general relativityGeneralization of straight line to a curved space time
- Geodetic effectPrecession of satellite orbits due to a celestial body's presence affecting spacetime
- Geoffrey ChewAmerican theoretical physicist (1924–2019)
- Geometrical opticsModel of optics describing light as geometric rays
- Geophysical survey (archaeology)Non-invasive physical sensing techniques used for archaeological imaging or mapping
- Georg StetterGeorg Carl Stetter (23 December 1895 – 14 July 1988) was an Austrian-German nuclear physic
- George Barker JefferyGeorge Barker Jeffery FRS (9 May 1891 – 27 April 1957) was a leading mathematical physicis
- George BatchelorAustralian mathematician and physicist
- George CrabtreeAmerican physicist (1944–2023)
- George E. Pake PrizeThe George E. Pake Prize is a prize that has been awarded annually by the American Physica
- George Edward BackusAmerican geophysicist
- George F. CarrierAmerican mathematician
- George GamowAmerican theoretical physicist (1904–1968)
- George Johnstone StoneyIrish physicist (1826–1911)
- George Rankine IrwinGeorge Rankin Irwin ForMemRS (February 26, 1907 – October 9, 1998) was an American scienti
- George SingerEnglish early pioneer of electrical research
- Gérard BricogneGérard Marie Robert Bricogne (born October, 1949 in Aix-en-Provence, France) is a French b
- Gérard FéreyFrench chemist
- Gerhard ErtlGerman physicist (born 1936)
- Germicidal lampA germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric ligh
- Gibbs free energyType of thermodynamic potential
- Giordano RiccatiGiordano Riccati or Jordan Riccati (25 February, 1709 – 20 July, 1790) was an Italian math
- Giorgio ParisiItalian physicist (born 1948)
- Giuseppe CocconiItalian physicist
- Glass bead makingArt form
- Glass bottleNarrow-necked container
- Glass castingProcess for making objects from molten glass
- Glass databaseCollection of information about glass
- Glass etchingDecorating glass by etching
- Glass fusingJoining together of pieces of glass at high temperature
- Glass microsphereMicroscopic spheres
- Glass productionGlass production involves two main methods – the float glass process that produces sheet g
- Glass recyclingProcessing of turning glass waste into usable products
- Glass transitionReversible transition in amorphous materials
- Glass-ceramicTranslucent polycrystalline solid
- Glass-to-metal sealAirtight seal which joins glass and metal surfaces
- Gloss (optics)Shiny visual appearance of an object
- GluonElementary particle that mediates the strong force
- Gödel metricSolution of Einstein field equations
- Godunov's schemeIn numerical analysis and computational fluid dynamics, Godunov's scheme is a conservative
- Godunov's theoremIn numerical analysis and computational fluid dynamics, Godunov's theorem — also known as
- Gold (color)Color
- Gonzaga, LombardyGonzaga (Upper Mantuan: Gunsàga) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in t
- Good quantum numberIn quantum mechanics, the eigenvalue of an observable is said to be a good quantum number
- Görling–Levy perturbation theoryQuantum-mechanical framework for simulating molecules and solids
- Goubau lineA Goubau line or Sommerfeld–Goubau line, or G-line for short, is a single-wire transmissio
- Gradient echoGradient echo is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence that has wide variety of appl
- Gradient-index opticsScience of using a material's refractive index for optical effects
- Grain boundaryInterface between crystallites in a polycrystalline material
- Grain growthIncrease in size of a material's crystallites at high temperature
- Grand canonical ensembleStatistical ensemble of particles in thermodynamic equilibrium
- Grand Order of King Dmitar ZvonimirThe Grand Order of King Dmitar Zvonimir (Croatian: Velered kralja Dmitra Zvonimira s lento
- Grand Unified TheoryComprehensive physical model
- Granular convectionMovement in granular material
- Granular materialConglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles
- Granville BeynonWelsh physicist
- GraphaneChemical compound
- GraphyneAllotrope of carbon
- Gravitational constantPhysical constant for the strength of gravity induced by a mass
- Gravitational energyType of potential energy
- Gravitational fieldVector field representing a mass's effect on surrounding space
- Gravitational interaction of antimatterTheory of gravity on antimatter
- Gravitational microlensingAstronomical phenomenon due to the gravitational lens effect
- Gravitational potentialFundamental study of potential theory
- Gravitational redshiftPhysical effect in general relativity
- Gravitational singularityCondition in which spacetime itself breaks down
- Gravitational time dilationGeneral-relativistic effect
- Gravitational waveAspect of relativity in physics
- GravitinoHypothetical superpartner to the graviton
- GravitoelectromagnetismAnalogies between Maxwell's and Einstein's field equations
- GravitonHypothetical elementary particle that mediates gravity
- GravitropismPlant growth in reaction to gravity and bending of leaves and roots
- GravityAttraction of masses and energy
- Gravity Probe AGravity Probe A (GP-A) was a space-based experiment to test the equivalence principle, a f
- Gravity waveWave where gravity is the main restoring force
- GreenAdditive primary color visible between cyan and yellow
- Green–Schwarz mechanismThe Green–Schwarz mechanism (sometimes called the Green–Schwarz anomaly cancellation mecha
- Greg Moore (physicist)American theoretical physicist
- Gregory BreitAmerican physicist (1899–1981)
- Gregory P. LaughlinGregory P. Laughlin is an American astrophysicist who is a professor of astronomy and astr
- Gretar TryggvasonGretar Tryggvason is Department Head of Mechanical Engineering and Charles A. Miller Jr. D
- GreyIntermediate color between black and white
- Grigory BarenblattRussian mathematician (1927–2018)
- Ground (electricity)Reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured
- Ground and neutralIn mains electricity, part of a circuit connected to ground or earth
- Ground stateLowest energy level of a quantum system
- Group velocityVelocity at which the overall shape of a wave's amplitudes propagates
- GS formalismGreen–Schwarz (GS) formalism (named after Michael Green and John H. Schwarz) is an attempt
- Guido AltarelliGuido Altarelli (12 July 1941 – 30 September 2015) was an Italian theoretical physicist.
- Guillaume AmontonsFrench scientific instrument inventor and physicist (1663-1705)
- Gustav HerglotzGerman mathematician
- GW approximationApproximation in many-body systems
- Gyromagnetic ratioRatio of magnetic moment to angular momentum
