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- Racine, MissouriRacine is an unincorporated community in Newton County, Missouri, United States. It is par
- Radiative forcingConcept for changes to the energy flows through a planetary atmosphere
- RadiolariteType of sedimentary rock
- Radiometric datingTechnique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon
- RadiosondeMeteorological instrumentation
- Radium and radon in the environmentSignificant contributors to environmental radioactivity
- RainForm of precipitation
- Rain and snow mixedForm of precipitation consisting of rain and melting snow
- Rain shadowLeeward side of a mountain range
- RainbandCloud and precipitation structure
- RainbowMeteorological phenomenon
- Rainbow Springs State ParkState park in Florida, United States
- RainforestType of forest with high rainfall
- Raised beachEmergent coastal landform
- Rakaia RiverThe Rakaia River is in the Canterbury Plains in New Zealand's South Island. The Rakaia Riv
- Rapakivi graniteType of igneous rock
- Raphael PumpellyAmerican geologist (1837–1923)
- Rapid intensificationRapid intensification (RI) is any process wherein a tropical cyclone strengthens dramatica
- RapidsRiver section with increased velocity and turbulence
- Raritan BayRaritan Bay is a bay located at the southern portion of Lower New York Bay between the U.S
- RavineSmall valley, often due to stream erosion
- Rayleigh waveType of surface acoustic wave which travels along the surface of solids
- Raymond S. BradleyRaymond S. Bradley is a climatologist and University Distinguished Professor in the Depart
- Raymundo PunongbayanFilipino volcanologist
- Real and nominal valueValue in economics and accounting
- Real-time dataInformation delivered immediately after collection
- RealgarArsenic sulfide mineral
- Reconstruction of New OrleansProcess of rebuilding the city of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina
- Recrystallization (geology)In geology, solid-state recrystallization is a metamorphic process that occurs under high
- Red bedsSedimentary rocks with ferric oxides
- Red Hill SyeniteThe Red Hill Syenite ("Red Hill Syenitic Complex", "Red Hill Alkaline Igneous Complex", "R
- Red Hill, AlabamaRed Hill is an unincorporated community in Marshall County, Alabama, United States.
- Red River floodsThe Red River floods refer to the various flooding events in recent history of the Red Riv
- Red River State Recreation AreaRed River State Recreation Area is part of the Greater Grand Forks Greenway and is located
- Red Rock Canyon State Park (California)State park in California, United States
- Red Rocks ParkRed Rocks Park is a mountain park in Jefferson County, Colorado, owned and maintained by t
- REDD+Climate change mitigation policy
- Redfield ratioConcept in marine biology
- Redox gradientVariation of the redox potential with distance (or depth)
- Reducing atmosphereAtmosphere containing reducing agents
- ReefSubmerged ridge of rock, coral or other material
- Reef HQReef HQ (typeset as ReefHQ) is the world's largest living coral reef aquarium. It is locat
- Reference re Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing ActCanadian legal case
- Reflection seismologyExploration of subsurface properties with seismology
- Reflective surfaces (climate engineering)Form of climate engineering
- ReforestationMethod for land and forest regeneration
- Refractory (planetary science)In planetary science, any material that has a relatively high equilibrium condensation tem
- Refrigerant reclamationRecycling of refrigerant gas
- RegelationRegelation is the phenomenon of ice melting under pressure and refreezing when the pressur
- Regina FleszarowaPolish geologist, librarian and Senator
- Reginald Aldworth DalyCanadian geologist
- Regional Greenhouse Gas InitiativeAmerican carbon emission trading program
- Regional planningLand use planning above city or town level
- Regional snowfall indexUnited States scale that ranks winter storms by severity
- Regional Specialized Meteorological CentreA Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of
- Registered association (Germany)Registered voluntary association in Germany
- RegolithLayer of loose, superficial deposits covering solid rock
- Reignier-EseryReignier-Esery (French pronunciation: ; before 2008: Reignier) is a commune in the Haute-S
- Reinout Willem van BemmelenDutch geologist (1904–1983)
- Relative datingDetermining the relative order of past events
- RemineralisationBreakdown of organic matter to simple chemicals by living organisms
- REN21Multi-stakeholder network focused on renewable energy policy
- Renewable energy in CaliforniaSolar, geothermal, and biomass and hydroelectric power generation
- Renewable energy in GermanyRenewable energy in Germany comes mainly from wind power, solar power and biomass and is a
- Renewable energy in RussiaRenewable energy in Russia mainly consists of hydroelectric energy. Russia is rich not onl
- Renewable energy in VietnamVietnam utilizes four main sources of renewable energy: hydroelectricity, wind power, sola
- Renewable heatApplication of renewable energy
- Renewable natural gasMethane-enriched biogas
- Renewable portfolio standardPolicy requiring a minimum of electricity sources be zero-emissions
- Renewable portfolio standards in the United StatesRegulation encouraging renewable energy
- Renewable thermal energyStoring and using heat from easily replenished natural resources
- REPowerEUPlan of the European Commission to end the Union's dependence on Russian fossil fuels
- Representative Concentration PathwayProjections used in climate change modeling
- Residence timeTerm in fluid dynamics
- Residence time (statistics)In statistics, the residence time is the average amount of time it takes for a random proc
- Restrictions on geographic data in ChinaRestrictions on using GPS in China
- Retreat of glaciers since 1850Recent shrinking of glaciers due to global warming
- RetrofittingAddition of new technology or features to older systems
- RetroflectMovement of an ocean current that doubles back on itself
- Réunion hotspotVolcanic hotspot in the Indian Ocean
- ReuseUsing something again
- Reverse weatheringFormation of authigenic clay minerals
- Revival of the woolly mammothEfforts to revive the woolly mammoth
- RewildingRestoring of wilderness environments
- Rheic OceanAncient ocean which separated two major palaeocontinents, Gondwana and Laurussia
- Rhenohercynian ZoneFold belt of west and central Europe, formed during the Hercynian orogeny
- Rhine GorgeUNESCO World Heritage Site in Rheinland Pfalz and Hessen in Germany
- Rhizocarpon geographicumRhizocarpon geographicum (the map lichen) is a species of lichen, which grows on rocks in
- RhodochrositeMineral of manganese carbonate
- RhodoniteSingle chain manganese inosilicate (MnSiO3)
- RhombohedronPolyhedron with six rhombi as faces
- RhyacianSecond period of the Paleoproterozoic Era
- Rhynie chertEarly Devonian sedimentary deposit in Scotland
- RhyodaciteVolcanic rock rich in silica and low in alkali metal oxides
- RhyoliteIgneous, volcanic rock, of felsic (silica-rich) composition
- RhythmiteLayers of sediment or sedimentary rock laid down with periodicity and regularity
- Richard A. MullerAmerican physicist
- Richard Dixon OldhamBritish geologist
- Richard LindzenAmerican atmospheric physicist
- Richard Swann LullAmerican paleontologist
- Richard TolDutch economist
- Richter scaleMeasure of the strength of earthquakes
- RiddarhyttanRiddarhyttan is a locality in Skinnskatteberg Municipality, Västmanland County, Sweden, wi
- RidgeLong, narrow, elevated landform
- Ridge pushProposed driving force for tectonic plate motion
- Ridge-and-Valley AppalachiansPhysiographic province of the larger Appalachian division
- Ridiculously Resilient RidgeThe "Ridiculously Resilient Ridge", sometimes shortened to "Triple R" or "RRR", is the nic
- RiebeckiteSodium-rich member of the amphibole group of silicate minerals
- RiftGeological linear zone where the lithosphere is being pulled apart
- Rift lakeLake formed as a result of subsidence related to movement on faults within a rift zone
- Rift valleyLinear lowland created by a tectonic rift or fault
- Rift zonePart of a volcano where a set of linear cracks form
- Rights of natureLegal theory
- RillShallow channel cut by water
- Rime iceGranular whitish deposit of ice formed by freezing fog
- Rimini protocolThe Rimini Protocol is a proposal made by the geologist Colin Campbell. It is intended to
- Ring dikeType of intrusive igneous body
- Rio Grande riftContinental rift zone in the southwest United States
- RionansaRionansa is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain.
- Rip currentWater current moving away from shore
- Riparian bufferA riparian buffer or stream buffer is a vegetated area (a "buffer strip") near a stream, u
- Riparian zoneInterface between land and a river or stream
- Ripple marksWave structures created in sediments by bottom current
- RISE project1979 international marine research project
- RISE ProjectRISE Project is a Romanian non-profit journalism organization founded in early 2012 by a g
- RishigangaRishiganga is a river in the Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. It springs from the Utt
- Rising Tide UKRising Tide UK is the United Kingdom part of the International Rising Tide Network, both o
- Riss glaciationAlpine glacial period in the Pleistocene epoch
- River bifurcationForking of a river into its distributaries
- River deltaSilt deposition landform at the mouth of a river
- River ecosystemType of aquatic ecosystem with flowing freshwater
- River islandExposed landmass within a river
- River morphologyChange in shape and direction of river channels over time
- River mouthEnd of a river where it flows into a larger body of water
- River Oaks, TexasRiver Oaks is a city in Tarrant County, Texas, United States. Its population was 7,646 at
- River sourceStarting point of a river
- Rivera plateSmall tectonic plate off the west coast of Mexico
- Road ecologyStudy of the ecological effects of roads and highways
- Road pricingMethods of generating revenue from road users
- Roanoke ValleyThe Roanoke Valley ( ROH-ə-nohk) in southwest Virginia is an area adjacent to and includin
- Robert Millner ShackletonRobert Millner Shackleton FRS (30 December 1909 – 3 May 2001) was a British field geologis
- Robert R. GainesAmerican geologist
- Robert S. DietzAmerican geophysicist and oceanographer (1914–1995)
- Robert Simpson (meteorologist)American meteorologist
- Robert T. HillRobert Thomas Hill (August 11, 1858 – July 20, 1941) was a significant figure in the devel
- Robin egg blueRobin egg blue, also called eggshell blue or robin's-egg blue, is a shade of teal (a blue-
- Rock (geology)Naturally occurring mineral aggregate
- Rock cycleTransitional concept of geologic time
- Rock mechanicsStudy of the mechanical behavior of rocks
- Rock of GibraltarMonolithic limestone promontory located in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar
- Rock of Gibraltar (horse)Rock of Gibraltar (8 March 1999 – 23 October 2022) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse who
- Rock shelterShallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
- RockallUninhabited islet in the North Atlantic Ocean
- Rockall BasinGeological feature northwest of Scotland and Ireland
- RockfallRocks fallen freely from a cliff, roof, or quarry
- RockhamptonCity in Queensland, Australia
- Rockhampton War MemorialRockhampton War Memorial is a heritage-listed memorial in the Rockhampton Botanic Gardens
- Rockhampton ZooRockhampton Zoo is a zoo in the Australian city of Rockhampton, Queensland.
- RockslideType of landslide caused by rock failure
- Rocksprings, TexasRocksprings is a town in and the county seat of Edwards County, Texas, United States. At t
- Rocky shoreIntertidal area of coast where solid rock predominates
- RodiniaHypothetical Neoproterozoic supercontinent
- Roger Revelle MedalThe Roger Revelle Medal is given out annually by the American Geophysical Union to recogni
- Rogue waveUnexpectedly large transient ocean surface wave
- Roland BeschelRoland Ernst Beschel (9 August 1928, Salzburg, Austria – 22 January 1971, Kingston, Ontari
- Roland MaddenRoland Aloysius Madden, an American meteorologist, was a staff scientist at the National C
- Rollingstone, QueenslandRollingstone is a rural town and coastal locality in the City of Townsville, Queensland, A
- Romanche TrenchTrench in the Atlantic formed by the Romanche fracture zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
- RomanèchiteBaryum manganese oxide mineral
- Rooftop solar powerType of photovoltaic system
- Root microbiomeMicrobe community of plant roots
- Rosette samplerA rosette sampler (also known as a CTD-rosette or carousel) is a device used for water sam
- Ross McKitrickRoss McKitrick (born 1965) is a Canadian economist specializing in environmental economics
- Round numberInteger ending in zeroes
- Roundness (geology)Smoothness of clastic particles
- Rove FormationSedimentary rock formation
- Royal Charter Storm1859 storm in the Irish Sea
- Royal Geological Society of CornwallThe Royal Geological Society of Cornwall is a geological society originally based in Penza
- Royal Meteorological InstituteThe Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium (French: Institut Royal Météorologique de Be
- Rozel, KansasRozel is a city in Pawnee County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the popula
- Rubidium–strontium datingRadiometric dating technique for rocks and minerals
- RubyVariety of corundum; mineral; gemstone
- Ruby characterSmall characters that show pronunciation
- RugosaExtinct class of corals
- RuinaultaRuinaulta is a canyon created by the Anterior Rhine by Ilanz/Glion and Reichenau in the de
- Runoff (hydrology)Runoff is the flow of water across the earth, and is a major component in the hydrological
- Russell Brown (judge)Russell S. Brown (born September 15, 1965) is a former puisne justice of the Supreme Court
- Russian WinterWinter in Russia in the context of military campaigns
- RutileOxide mineral composed of titanium dioxide
- RV Atlantis (1930)Research vessel
- Ryukyu ArcIsland arc between Kyushu and Taiwan
- Ryukyu TrenchOceanic trench in the Pacific Ocean
