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Chaetothyriaceae

Family of fungi

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Lichenization

The first known lichen-forming species in Chaetothyriaceae, Ceramothyrium ryukyuense, was described in 2024 from Okinawa Island in southern Japan. It was found growing on a living palm leaf in a subtropical coastal forest. The species is characterized by minute, brown ascomata and small, predominantly one-septate ascospores. It differs from non-lichenized Ceramothyrium species, such as C. paiveae and C. philodendri, in its smaller asci and simpler spore structure. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences placed C. ryukyuense as a sister species to C. exiguum. The species is associated with a photobiont from the Trentepohliales, marking the first confirmed case of lichenization within the family.

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