Grazing (human eating pattern)

Two subtypes of grazing have been suggested: compulsive and non-compulsive. Compulsive grazing is accompanied by the feeling that the person is not able to resist going back to repetitively snack on the desired food. Non‐compulsive grazing is repetitively eating in a distracted and mindless way, without paying much attention to what is eaten.

Background

The term "grazing" has been widely used by the general population in reference to a repetitive eating pattern. The scientific literature began to investigate this concept because of its extensive use and apparent association with weight gain. Several terms such as picking, nibbling, and snacking have been used indiscriminately in the literature to characterize grazing-type patterns of repetitive eating in humans. In 2014, Eva Conceição and colleagues proposed a consensual definition for grazing based on the opinion of various experts in the field.

Grazing seems to be related to loss of control over eating and can be conceptualized on the spectrum of disordered eating behaviors. It is considered as a risk behavior for adults undergoing weight loss treatment due to its associations with Body Mass Index and a great variability on weight-loss trajectories after bariatric surgery. It is thought to be present in up to 26.4% of bariatric patients pre‐operatively and in 46.6% after bariatric surgery. Specifically, compulsive grazing appears to be linked to eating disorder psychopathology.