Heuvelse kerk

Construction of the church was divided into two phases due to financial constraints. The first part of the Heuvelse kerk was built in the period 1871–73, while the second phase took place between 1887 and 1889 and included the current front facade with its two towers. The church was consecrated in 1889 by the bishop of the Diocese of 's-Hertogenbosch. It was built in the garden of a barracks and was meant to accommodate Tilburg's increasing population. The barracks were renovated simultaneously to become a clergy house. The only major adjustment to the original building, designed by Hendrik van Tulder, was an extension of both transepts in the 1950s.

The Heuvelse kerk has the floor plan of a cruciform basilica. Its most prominent exterior feature are the two towers with their height of 72 metres (236 ft). Three portals in the front facade contain entrances, the central one being decorated with a relief showing the flight into Egypt. A copper-gilded statue of Saint Joseph sits on top of a gable between the towers. The interior is covered by a four-part rib vault and includes two organs and a winged altarpiece by Hendrik van der Geld, created between 1878 and 1881. Frescos of the Stations of the Cross were painted two decades after the church's inauguration by Georges de Geetere.

In 2019, the parish announced plans to sell the Heuvelse kerk, but the bishop has postponed those plans.

History

Construction and consecration

Before the Heuvelse kerk was built, the area was part of the Tilburg parish "'t Heike", of which the Heikese kerk was the parish church. Due to a growing population, its management wanted to create a new parish, called "St. Jozef" or "Heuvel", with a new church at the location of a Royal Marechaussee barracks along the Heuvel, a square in the city center. Bishop Johannes Zwijsen approved the plan in 1870. He put Jan van der Lee, a curate, in charge of the construction process of the Heuvelse kerk. In December of that same year, the parish exchanged lands surrounding the Heikese kerk for the barracks and its garden with the municipal government after the municipal council and the provincial-executive had approved the deal. In order for the new church to be accessible from the Heuvel, two houses along that square were purchased for fl. 10,000 and demolished afterwards. The barracks itself was left standing to be used as a clergy house, while the church itself would be erected entirely within the barracks' gardens. Van der Lee raised fl. 30,000 from parishioners for the construction, and subsequently, in 1871, a building commission was established by the bishop. A design for the Heuvelse kerk was made by Hendrik van Tulder and approved by the bishop.

Construction of the church was divided into two phases, because the parish did not have enough money to build it at once. The first phase started in 1871 and included about half of the church as it stands today, encompassing the choir, the transepts, and two bays of the nave, at a cost of fl. 92,000. In a call for bids, the lowest of the three bids amounted to fl. 112,000. However, the first number was reached after it was decided to cut back on building materials. The Heuvelse kerk was inaugurated by Van der Lee on 15 October 1873, and the first public service was held on the first day of the next month. Van der Lee was supposed to become the parish priest of St. Jozef, but instead ended up in that same position at the parish 't Heike because of another priest's death. The bishop finally named Martinus van der Hagen the parish priest of St. Jozef. However, he died in 1875 and was succeeded by Antonius Donatus Smits. In the years after the completion of the first part of the Heuvelse kerk, statues, ornaments, and the winged altarpiece were added to the interior.

The second construction phase, that included the front facade with the two towers, and restoration of the existing part began in November 1887. The contract was worth fl. 103,000 after it was decided to add four instead of five bays. The towers topped out in October 1888. A construction worker died that same month after falling down from a height of 30 metres (98 ft). The Heuvelse kerk was finished in 1889 and consecrated on July 1 by Bishop Adrianus Godschalk of the Diocese of 's-Hertogenbosch. The event was followed by a Mass, while celebrations had started the day before. The church was decorated, and six temporary triumphal arches were erected spanning streets close to it, one of which was a scale model of the church.

Subsequent years

After the construction had ended, more additions were made including a new organ. It was inaugurated in March 1894. Parish Priest Smits died in 1908 after having been in that position for 33 years, earning the position of Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau. He was succeeded by Adrianus Norbertus Mutsaers. Mutsaers died in 1916 and was replaced by Johannes Leonardus Brekelmans. Under his lead, central heating was installed in the church. A statue of the Sacred Heart in front of the church was unveiled in 1921. It was a present by the citizens of Tilburg. Subsequently, between 1922 and 1966 a yearly parade was held to pay tribute to the Sacred Heart.

A carillon consisting of 35 bells, founded by the British Gillett & Johnston, was installed in the south tower in 1925. It was a present from the parishioners to celebrate the golden jubilee (50 years) of the parish. It operated automatically, but also had a manual keyboard. The weight of the bells ranged from 6 kg (13 lb) to over 1,080 kg (2,380 lb). It was first played on by Belgian carillon player Jef Denyn on the day of the Sacred Heart parade in June. Initially, the carillon sounded every 15 minutes during the entire day, but starting in 1931 the carillon was turned off during night-time after complaints. In January and February 1943, during the German occupation in World War II, the Germans removed the bronze bells of the carillon. Although a few new bells were put into place in 1947 after a collection was taken, the carillon was never restored. One of the new bells, named "St. Jozef", was founded by Petit & Fritsen and weighs 1,793 kg (3,953 lb).

The Heuvelse kerk underwent a renovation in the years 1955–56 by the architectural firm of Jos Donders to extend the two transepts. During September of the first year of construction, most of the old south transept collapsed creating a hole in the church and damaging the extension, that was still under construction. The roof remained in place. Masses were resumed two weeks later, when the church was deemed safe. The contractor was later acquitted in a criminal trial. A number of smaller restorations took place in the period between 1980 and 1996. During one of them, an iron fence was placed at the west end of the nave to make it possible to halt visitors.

In 2012, the parish St. Jozef was merged with five other parishes to form "De Goede Herder" (Dutch for "the Good Shepherd"), causing the Heuvelse kerk to lose its status as parish church. Its priest at the time, Jan van Noorwegen, had served since 1984. The parish announced in 2019 that either the Heuvelse kerk or the Heikese kerk would close due to a drop in attendance and the financial burden of both churches. On Christmas Day, the parish expressed its plans to sell the Heuvelse kerk. Bishop Gerard de Korte decided in 2020 that the church would remain open for at least another five years and that possible new purposes would be investigated in the meantime. Those options include selling only part of the church.