History of display technology
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- 17 chapters
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Through Display device, Microprocessor and Pixel
Cathode ray tube
One of the earliest electronic displays is the cathode-ray tube (CRT), which was first demonstrated in 1897 and made commercial in 1922. The CRT consists of an electron gun that forms images by firing electrons onto a phosphor-coated screen. The earliest CRTs were monochrome and were used primarily in oscilloscopes and black and white televisions. The first commercial colour CRT was produced in 1954. CRTs were the single most popular display technology used in television sets and computer monitors for over half a century; it was not until the 2000s that LCDs began to gradually replace them.
A derivative of CRTs were storage tubes, which had the ability to retain information displayed on them, unlike standard CRTs which need to be refreshed periodically. In 1968, Tektronix introduced the Direct-view bistable storage tube, which went on to be widely used in oscilloscopes and computer terminals.
Monochrome CRT
1922 Monochrome cathode ray tube:
Color CRT
1954 Color cathode ray tube for the display of color television:
Direct-View Bistable Storage Tube
1968 The Direct-View Bistable Storage Tube CRT retains static information displayed upon it, written using a steerable electron beam that can be turned off. The DVBST was used in vector displays of early computers and in oscilloscopes.
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Nixie tube display
1955 Nixie tube:
Flip-flap or disc display
1957 Split-flap display:
1961 Flip-disc display:
Stroboscopic display
1960s Stroboscopic display: In the 1960s RASA Calculator (Russian), a small motor spins a cylinder that has a number of transparent numerals. To display a numeral, the calculator briefly flashes a thyratron light behind the required number when it spins into position.
Monochrome plasma display
1964 Monochrome plasma display:
LED display
1968 LED display:
Eggcrate display
1968 Eggcrate display
Vacuum fluorescent display
1967 Vacuum fluorescent display as used in consumer electronics.
Twisted nematic field effect LCD
1971 Twisted nematic field effect LCD
Electroluminescent display
1974 Electroluminescent display (ELD):
Super-twisted nematic LCD
1984 Super-twisted nematic display (STN LCD) to improve passive-matrix LCDs, allowing for the first time higher resolution panels with 540x270 pixels.
Pin screen
Pin screen:
1969 Braille display:
Thin film transistor LCD
1986 Color Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display:
Digital Light Processing
1987 optical micro-electro-mechanical technology that uses a digital micromirror device. While the Digital Light Processing (DLP) imaging device was invented by Texas Instruments, the first DLP-based projector was introduced by Digital Projection Ltd in 1997.
Full-color plasma display
1995 Full-color plasma display:
Organic light-emitting diode
2003 Organic light-emitting diode display (OLED)
2003 Active-matrix OLED (AMOLED):
Electronic paper
2004 Electronic paper:

