Mediterranean seas

List of mediterranean seas by type

There are two types of mediterranean sea.

Concentration basin

A concentration basin has a higher salinity than the outer ocean due to evaporation, and its water exchange consists of inflow of the fresher oceanic water in the upper layer and outflow of the saltier mediterranean water in the lower layer of the connecting channel.

• The Eurafrican Mediterranean Sea (a concentration basin as a whole, but the Adriatic Sea and the Black Sea are dilution basins (see below) owing to the Po River, and the Danube, Dnieper, and Don rivers respectively)
• The Persian Gulf
• The Red Sea

Dilution basin

A dilution basin has a lower salinity due to freshwater gains such as rainfall and rivers, and its water exchange consists of outflow of the fresher mediterranean water in the upper layer and inflow of the saltier oceanic water in the lower layer of the channel. Renewal of deep water may not be sufficient to supply oxygen to the bottom.

• The Adriatic Sea
• The American Mediterranean Sea
• The Arctic Ocean (a.k.a. the Arctic Mediterranean Sea)
• The Australasian Mediterranean Sea
• Baffin Bay
• The Baltic Sea
• The Black Sea

Exceptions

• Hudson Bay is so shallow it functions like a huge estuary.
• Having shallow channels and deep basins, the Sea of Japan could form a mediterranean sea, but the strong currents from the Pacific prevent it from having an independent water circulation.