Out-of-the-loop performance problem
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Through Automation
Etymology
OOL is also known as out-of-the-loop syndrome and out-of-the-loop effect. One of the first mentions of the term "out of the loop" is found in a patent by Willard Meilander from Goodyear Aerospace Corporation for automated aircraft control in 1972. More early mentions of OOL came up in the context of flight automation in 1980s.
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Consequences
Three Mile Island accident in 1979, USAir Flight 5050 crash in 1989, Air France Flight 447 in 2009 and the loss of $400 million by Knight Capital Group in 2012 are attributed to OOL.
Automatic train operation
Automatic train operation is meant to reduce manual operation. This results in OOL performance problem for train drivers.
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