Temple tank
Wells or reservoirs built as part of the temple complex near Indian temples
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Tank design
Since ancient times, the design of water storage has been important in India's temple architecture, especially in western India where dry and monsoon seasons alternate. Temple tank design became an art form in itself. An example of the art of tank design is the large, geometrically spectacular Stepped Tank at the Royal Center at the ruins of Vijayanagara, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, surrounding the modern town of Hampi. It is lined with green diorite and has no drain. It was filled by aqueduct.
The tanks are used for ritual cleansing and during rites of consecration. The water in the tank is deemed to be sacred water from the Ganges River.
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Stepwell
In India, a stepwell is a deep masonry well with steps going down to the water level in the well. It is called a vav in west India and a baoli in north India. Some were built by kings and were richly ornamented. They often were built by nobility, some being for secular use from which anyone could obtain water.
Kalyani
Kalyani, also called pushkarani, are ancient Hindu stepped bathing wells.
These wells were typically built near Hindu temples to accommodate bathing and cleansing activities before prayer. They are also used for immersion of Ganesha idols during Ganesha Chaturthi.
Sikhism
In Sikhism, temple tanks are called sarovar (Punjabi: ਸਰੋਵਰ sarōvara). They are also known as talab. The largest of all Sarovars is at Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib.
The five main sarovars of Amritsar are: Amritsar, Bibeksar, Ramsar, Kaulsar, and Santokhsar.