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Baig

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Through Central Asia, South Asia and Mughal Empire

Etymology

While the origin of beg is not entirely unitary, it is mostly agreed that it is a Turkic loan-word. Two principal etymologies have been proposed. The first etymology is from a Middle Iranian form of Old Iranian baga (meaning: God); though the meaning would better fit the Middle Persian form of the word meaning "lord", used for the king or other nobility. The second etymology is from Chinese po "eldest (brother), (feudal) lord". Gerhard Doerfer seriously considers the possibility that the word is genuinely Turkic. Another possible but unlikely connection is the Turkish berk, Mongolian berke (strong) or Turkish bögü, Mongolian böge (wizard, shaman) - either of which terms being honorific in nature.

While the term is most common as a surname in South Asia to identify descent from the upper echelons of the Mughal Empire, Baig and Beg was also subsequently used as a military rank in the Ottoman Empire.

It was also used by the Uyghurs, it permitted the Turkic Begs in the Altishahr region to maintain their previous status, and they administered the area for the Qing as officials. High-ranking Begs were allowed to call themselves Begs and were allowed to wear queue in the royal courts.

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Source and licence. Adapted from the Wikipedia article “Baig” (this version, 2024-07-07) by its contributors, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0. Lablypedia has left out its tables, references and most pictures, and linked it to other Lablypedia articles.