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Bharatpur district

District of Rajasthan in India

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History

Vedic era

Bharatpur is a place with association with vedic era importance. In common belief, the Pandavas had spent their 13th year of exile at this place around 3,500 years ago. In June 2025, excavations at bajna village, 3 km east of Deeg city, by the Rajasthan State Government Department of Archaeology found the artifacts belonging to mahabharta-era (vedic era), Maurya Empire and Shunga Empire which included pottery and terracotta statues some of which could be as old as 2500 to 2700 years old. A human skeleton was also found, which has been sent to Israel for the further scientific studies to determine the age and culture of the specimen. This area is part of Mahabharta era 84-kos Vraja Parikrama associated with the Lord Krishna.

Sultanate era

In early medieval times, the Bharatpur region was ruled under the Mewat State under the Khanzadas of Mewat from 1372 to 1527 AD who are mostly rajput converted to Islam.

Hindu era

The area in later medieval times was ruled by the Sinsinwar clan of the Hindu Jats. In 1733 AD, Maharajah Suraj Mal built the city of Bharatpur as a well-fortified city which was carved out from the Mewat region and named it after the Bharat, Lord Rama's younger brother. Jat conquered Agra and ruled it over decade.

As recorded by the historian Aziz Ahmad, Jats led by Rajaram Jat attacked and plundered Akbar's the tomb in 1685 during the reign of Aurangzeb after defeating Mughal forces. Jats looted gold, silver, and gems from the tomb, damaged the mausoleum, and destroyed items they could not carry. According to Niccolao Manucci, the Jats also burned Akbar's remains and bones, further plundered nearby villages that maintained the Taj Mahal, setting them ablaze, and attacked Mughal officials at Palwal while ransacking the Khurja pargana.

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