Topics in mathematics
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- Baby-step giant-stepAlgorithm for solving the discrete logarithm problem
- Babylonian cuneiform numeralsNumeral system
- Babylonian mathematicsMathematics used in ancient Mesopotamia
- Back-of-the-envelope calculationMetaphor for a rough calculation
- Bäcklund transformIn mathematics, Bäcklund transforms or Bäcklund transformations (named after the Swedish m
- Backward Euler methodNumerical method for ordinary differential equations
- Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formulaFormula for computing the nth base-16 digit of π
- Baillie–PSW primality testProbabilistic primality testing algorithm
- Baire category theoremOn topological spaces where the intersection of countably many dense open sets is dense
- Baire functionIn mathematics, Baire functions are functions obtained from continuous functions by transf
- Baire setIn mathematics, more specifically in measure theory, the Baire sets form a σ-algebra of a
- Baire spaceConcept in topology
- Baire space (set theory)Concept in set theory
- Bakhshali manuscriptAncient mathematical text
- Banach algebraParticular kind of algebraic structure
- Banach fixed-point theoremTheorem about metric spaces
- Banach manifoldManifold modeled on Banach spaces
- Banach–Alaoglu theoremTheorem in functional analysis
- Banach–Mazur gameType of topological game with two players
- Banff International Research StationResearch institute in Alberta, Canada
- Barabási–Albert modelScale-free network generation algorithm
- Bartels–Stewart algorithmAlgorithm in numerical linear algebra
- Barycentric coordinate systemCoordinate system that is defined by points instead of vectors
- Barycentric subdivisionMethod for dividing a simplicial complex
- Base (topology)Collection of open sets used to define a topology
- Base change theoremsRelate the direct image and the pull-back of sheaves
- Basel problemSum of inverse squares of natural numbers
- Basic feasible solutionConcept from linear programming
- Basis functionElement of a basis for a function space
- Bauer–Fike theoremMathematical theorem
- Bayes estimatorMathematical decision rule
- Bayesian probabilityInterpretation of probability
- Behrend's trace formulaIn algebraic geometry, Behrend's trace formula is a generalization of the Grothendieck–Lef
- Behrens–Fisher problemMathematical problem
- Belief propagationAlgorithm for statistical inference on graphical models
- Bell polynomialsPolynomials in combinatorial mathematics
- Bellman equationNecessary condition for optimality associated with dynamic programming
- Beltrami equationPartial differential equation
- Beltrami flowIn fluid dynamics, Beltrami flows are flows in which the vorticity vector and the velocity
- Beltrami vector fieldIn vector calculus, a Beltrami vector field, named after Eugenio Beltrami, is a vector fie
- Beltrami's theoremIn the mathematical field of differential geometry, any (pseudo-)Riemannian metric determi
- Beno EckmannSwiss mathematician (1917–2008)
- BerezinianIn mathematics and theoretical physics, the Berezinian or superdeterminant is a generaliza
- BergaBerga (Catalan pronunciation: ) is the capital of the comarca (county) of Berguedà, in the
- Berger's sphereIn the mathematical field of Riemannian geometry, the Berger spheres form a special class
- Bergman spaceIn complex analysis, functional analysis and operator theory, a Bergman space, named after
- Bernoulli differential equationIn mathematics, an ordinary differential equation is called a Bernoulli differential equat
- Bernoulli numberRational number sequence
- Bernoulli schemeGeneralization of the Bernoulli process to more than two possible outcomes
- Bernoulli's inequalityInequality about exponentiations of ''1+x''
- Bernoulli's methodPolynomial root-finding algorithm
- Bernstein polynomialType of polynomial used in Numerical Analysis
- Bernstein–Sato polynomialPolynomial related to differential operators
- Bernstein–von Mises theoremResults about asymptotic posterior normality
- Bessel polynomialsMathematics concept
- Bessel–Clifford functionIn mathematical analysis, the Bessel–Clifford function, named after Friedrich Bessel and W
- Bessel's inequalityTheorem on orthonormal sequences
- Best linear unbiased predictionStatistics measurement
- Best responseConcept in game theory
- Beta functionMathematical function
- Betti numberRoughly, the number of k-dimensional holes on a topological surface
- Bézier curveCurve used in computer graphics and related fields
- Bézier surfaceSpecies of mathematical spline
- Bézout matrixMatrix whose determinant is a resultant
- Bézout's theoremNumber of intersection points of algebraic curves and hypersurfaces
- Biased random walk on a graphStructural analysis of a network
- Biconnected componentMaximal biconnected subgraph
- Bifurcation diagramVisualization of sudden behavior changes caused by continuous parameter changes
- Big O in probability notationThe order in probability notation is used in probability theory and statistical theory in
- BiholomorphismBijective holomorphic function with a holomorphic inverse
- Bilateral hypergeometric seriesIn mathematics, a bilateral hypergeometric series is a series Σan summed over all integers
- Bilinear formScalar-valued bilinear function
- Bilinear mapFunction of two vectors linear in each argument
- BimoduleAbelian group equipped with compatible ring action on both sides
- Binary classificationDividing things between two categories
- Binary functionFunction that takes two inputs
- Binary GCD algorithmAlgorithm for computing the greatest common divisor
- Binary Golay codeType of linear error-correcting code
- Binary operationMathematical operation with two operands
- Binary quadratic formQuadratic homogeneous polynomial in two variables
- Binary regressionStatistical estimation method
- Binomial testTest of statistical significance
- Binomial transformTransformation of a mathematical sequence
- Biological networkMethod of representing systems
- Bipolar coordinates2-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system based on Apollonian circles
- Bipolar cylindrical coordinatesThree-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system
- BiproductIn category theory and its applications to mathematics, a biproduct of a finite collection
- Birational geometryField of algebraic geometry
- Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectureUnproved conjecture in mathematics
- Bird's-eye viewElevated view of an object or location from above
- Birkhoff's representation theoremEquivalence of distributive lattices and set families
- Birthday problemProbability of shared birthdays
- BispectrumStatistic used for nonlinear interactions
- Bispherical coordinatesThree-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system
- Björn EngquistSwedish mathematician (born 1945)
- Blaschke sumPolytope combining two smaller polytopes
- Block designStructure in combinatorial mathematics
- Block matrixMatrix defined using smaller matrices called blocks
- Block-stacking problemProblem of stacking blocks to maximize overhang
- BlockmodelingAnalytical method for social structure
- Blooming (geometry)Continuous unfolding of a polyhedron
- Blowing upType of geometric transformation
- Bochner's theoremTheorem of Fourier transforms of Borel measures
- Bochner's theorem (Riemannian geometry)In mathematics, Salomon Bochner proved in 1946 that any Killing vector field of a compact
- Bogomolov–Miyaoka–Yau inequalityMathematical inequality
- Bol loopIn mathematics and abstract algebra, a Bol loop is an algebraic structure generalizing the
- Bolzano–Weierstrass theoremBounded sequence in finite-dimensional Euclidean space has a convergent subsequence
- Bombieri normIn mathematics, the Bombieri norm, named after Enrico Bombieri, is a norm on homogeneous p
- Bonaventura CavalieriItalian monk and mathematician (1598–1647)
- Bonferroni correctionStatistical technique used to correct for multiple comparisons
- BonheidenBonheiden (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Ant
- Book embeddingGraph layout on multiple half-planes
- Book on Numbers and ComputationThe Book on Numbers and Computation (Chinese: 筭數書; pinyin: Suàn shù shū), or the Writings
- Boolean functionFunction returning one of only two values
- Boolean networkDiscrete set of Boolean variables
- Boolean-valued modelSet theory concept
- Bootstrapping (statistics)Statistical method
- Borel functional calculusBranch of functional analysis
- Borel hierarchyMathematical logic hierarchy
- Borel measureMeasure defined on all open sets of a topological space
- Borel setClass of mathematical sets
- Borel subgroupType of subgroup of an algebraic group
- Borel summationSummation method for divergent series
- Borel–Cantelli lemmaTheorem in probability theory
- Borel–Kolmogorov paradoxConditional probability paradox
- Borel–Weil–Bott theoremBasic result in the representation theory of Lie groups
- Borromean ringsThree linked but pairwise separated rings
- Borsuk–Ulam theoremTheorem in topology
- Borsuk's conjectureCan every bounded subset of Rn be partitioned into (n+1) smaller diameter sets?
- Bose–Mesner algebraIn mathematics, a Bose–Mesner algebra is a special set of matrices which arise from a comb
- Bott periodicity theoremDescribes a periodicity in the homotopy groups of classical groups
- Boundary (topology)All points in the topological closure not belonging to the interior
- Bounded mean oscillationReal-valued function
- Bounded operatorKind of linear transformation
- Bounded quantifierLogical quantification that ranges over a subset of the universe of discourse
- Bounded setCollection of mathematical objects of finite size
- Bounded set (topological vector space)Generalization of boundedness
- Bounded variationReal function with finite total variation
- Bounding volumeIn computer graphics and computational geometry, a bounding volume (or bounding region) fo
- Box–Muller transformStatistical transform
- Boy's surfaceSelf-intersecting compact surface, an immersion of the real projective plane
- BPP (complexity)Concept in computer science
- BQPComputational complexity class of problems
- Bracket (mathematics)Brackets as used in mathematical notation
- Braess's paradoxParadox related to increasing roadway capacity
- Braid groupGroup whose operation is a composition of braids
- Branch-decompositionHierarchical clustering of graph edges
- Branched coveringGeneralization of covers
- Brauer groupAbelian group related to division algebras
- Brauer's theorem on formsOn the representability of 0 by forms over certain fields in sufficiently many variables
- Brauer's theorem on induced charactersFundamental result in the branch of mathematics known as character theory
- Brauer's three main theoremsThree results in the representation theory of finite groups
- Breakthrough Prize in MathematicsMathematics award
- BreatherType of nonlinear wave in physics
- Brezis–Lieb lemmaIn the mathematical field of analysis, the Brezis–Lieb lemma is a basic result in measure
- Brianchon's theoremTheorem about hexagons and conics
- Bricard octahedronSelf-crossing 8-sided flexible polyhedron
- Brookline, MassachusettsTown in Massachusetts, United States
- Brown–Forsythe testStatistical test for equality of variances
- Brownian webIn probability theory, the Brownian web is an uncountable collection of one-dimensional co
- Bruhat decompositionMathematical term
- Bruhat orderPartial order on a Coxeter group
- Brunnian linkInterlinked multi-loop construction where cutting one loop frees all the others
- Bruno CourcelleFrench mathematician and computer scientist
- Bryan John BirchBritish mathematician (born 1931)
- Buchberger's algorithmAlgorithm for computing Gröbner bases
- Buer, GermanyBuer is the largest suburb of Gelsenkirchen in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Hochstrasse in
- Building (mathematics)Mathematical structure
- Bundle (mathematics)Generalization of a fiber bundle
- Bundle mapIn mathematics, a bundle map (or bundle morphism) is a function that relates two fiber bun
- Burmese numeralsBurmese numerals (Burmese: မြန်မာ ကိန်းဂဏန်းများ, Burmese pronunciation: ) are a set of nu
- Burnside problemIf G is a finitely generated group with exponent n, is G necessarily finite?
- Burnside's lemmaFormula for number of orbits of a group action
- Burnside's theoremMathematics, group theory
- Busy beaverConcept in theoretical computer science