Ethnic groups in the Middle East
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Through Geopolitics, Middle East and Language
Since the 1960s, the changes in political and economic factors, especially the enormous oil wealth in the region and conflicts, have significantly altered the ethnic composition of groups in the region. While some ethnic groups have been present in the region for millennia, others have arrived fairly recently through immigration. The largest ethnic groups in the region are Arabs, Turks, Persians, Kurds, and Azerbaijanis but there are dozens of other ethnic groups that have hundreds of thousands, and sometimes millions of members.
Other indigenous, religious, or minority ethnic groups include: Antiochians, Armenians, Assyrians, Arameans in the Qalamoun Mountains, Baloch, Copts, Druze, Gilaks, Greeks (including Cypriots and Pontians) Hazaras, Jews, Kawliya, Laz, Lurs, Mandaeans, Maronites, Mazanderanis, Mhallami, Nawar, Pashtuns, Pamiris, Samaritans, Shabaks, Tajiks, Talysh, Tats, Turkmens, Yazidis, and Zazas.
Diaspora ethnic groups living in the region include: Albanians, Bengalis, Britons, Bosniaks, Chechens, Chinese, Circassians, Crimean Tatars, Filipinos, French people, Georgians, Indians, Indonesians, Italians, Malays, Malayali, Pakistanis, Punjabis, Romanians, Romani, Serbs, Sikhs, Sindhis, Somalis, Sri Lankans, and sub-Saharan Africans.
Demographics
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Middle East
- Arabs in Turkey
- Iranian Arabs
- Israeli Arabs
- Afro-Arabs
- Ethiopian Jews
- Nubians
- Sudanese in Israel
- Arameans
- Arameans in Israel
- Assyrians
- Assyrians in Armenia
- Assyrians in Georgia
- Assyrians in Iran
- Assyrians in Iraq
- Assyrians in Israel
- Assyrians in Jordan
- Assyrians in Lebanon
- Assyrians in Syria
- Assyrians in Turkey
- Mandaeans
- Maronites
- Albanians
- Albanians in Egypt
- Albanians in Syria
- Armenians
- Armenians in the Middle East
- Armenians in Egypt
- Armenians in Iran
- Armenians in Iraq
- Armenians in Israel
- Armenians in Lebanon
- Armenians in Syria
- Armenians in Turkey
- Greeks
- Greek Cypriots
- Greeks in Egypt
- Greeks in Israel
- Greeks in Lebanon
- Greeks in Syria
- Iranian peoples
- Ajam of Bahrain
- Ajam of Iraq
- Kurds
- Shabaks
- Yazidis
- Italians
- Levantines
- Italian Egyptians
- Italians in Lebanon
- Romani
- Dom
- Kawliya
- Nawar–Romani people in Syria
- Romani people in Egypt
- Azerbaijanis
- Iraqi Turkmen
- Syrian Turkmen
- Turks in Egypt
- Turks in Israel
- Turks in Jordan
- Turks in Lebanon
Anatolia
Armenians in Turkey
Bosniaks in Turkey
Greeks in Turkey
Cappadocian Greeks
Pontic Greeks
Levantines
Pomaks in Turkey
Iranian peoples
Kurds in Turkey
Romani
Zazas
- Georgians in Turkey
- Laz people in Turkey
Arabs in Turkey
Assyrians in Turkey
Jews in Turkey
- Azerbaijanis in Turkey
- Crimean Tatars in Turkey
- Gagauz people
- Turks
- Muslims from the Caucasus (Peoples of the Caucasus in Turkey)
- Muslims from the Balkans (mainly Albanians, Bosniaks, and Pomaks)
Cyprus
- Armenians in Cyprus
- Greek Cypriots
- Maronite Cypriots
- Turkish Cypriots
Iranian Plateau
Armenians in Iran
Iranian peoples
Baloch
Kurds in Iran
- Feylis
- Kaka'is
- Kurds of Khorasan
- Laks
Gilaks
Lurs
Mazanderanis
Pamiris
Pashtuns
Talysh
Tats
- Georgians in Iran
Arabs in Iran
Assyrians in Iran
Jews in Iran
Mandaeans
- Azerbaijanis in Iran
- Qashqai
- Turkmen in Iran
Diaspora populations
Because of the low population of many of the Arab States of the Persian Gulf and the demand for labor created by the large discoveries of oil in these countries there has been a steady stream of immigration to the region (mainly from South Asia). Ethnic groups which comprise the largest portions of this immigration include Afghans, Albanians, Armenians, Bengalis, Bosniaks, Britons, Chinese, Filipinos, Greeks, Indians, Indonesians, Italians, Malays, Nepalis, Pakistanis, Punjabis, Sikhs, Sindhis, Somalis, Sri Lankans, and Sub-Saharan Africans. Many of these people are denied certain political and legal rights in the countries in which they live and frequently face mistreatment by the native-born citizens of the host countries.

