Johann Friedrich von Brandt
German naturalist (1802–1879)
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Brandt was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in Wittenberg and the University of Berlin.
In 1831 he emigrated to Russia, and soon was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Brandt encouraged the collection of native animals, many of which were not represented in the museum. Many specimens began to arrive from the expeditions of Severtzov, Przhevalsky, Middendorff, Schrenck and Gustav Radde.
He described several birds collected by Russian explorers off the Pacific Coast of North America, including Brandt's cormorant, red-legged kittiwake and spectacled eider.
As a paleontologist, Brandt ranks among the best. He was also an entomologist, specialising in Coleoptera (beetles) and Diplopoda (millipedes).
He died in Merreküll, Governorate of Estonia.
He is also commemorated in Brandt's bat, Brandt's hedgehog, three other species of mammals, and the lizard Iranolacerta brandtii.
Taxa described by Brandt
Genera
- Hemisyntrachelus
Species
- Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869 (Siberian sturgeon)
- Acipenser guldenstadti Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833 (Caspian or Russian sturgeon)
- Acipenser schrenckii Brandt, 1869 (Amur sturgeon)
- Chrysaora Fuscescens Brandt, 1835 (Pacific sea nettle)
- Emberiza bruniceps Brandt, 1841 (Red-headed bunting)
- Emberiza cioides Brandt, 1843 (Meadow bunting)
- Holothuria leucospilota Brandt, 1835 (black long sea cucumber)
- Idotea ochotensis Brandt, 1851
- Lasiopodomys brandtii (Radde, 1861) (Brandt's vole)
- Ligia dilatata Brandt, 1833 (sea slater)
- Metridium farcimen Brandt, 1835 (Giant Plumose Anemone)
- Mesocricetus brandti (Nehring, 1898) (Brandt's or Turkish hamster)
- Myotis brandtii Eversmann, 1845 (Brandt's bat)
- Paraechinus hypomelas (Brandt, 1836) (Brandt's hedgehog)
- Urile penicillatus (Brandt, 1837) (Brandt's cormorant)
- Porphyrophora hamelii Brandt, 1833 (Armenian cochineal)
- Somateria fischeri Brandt, 1847 (spectacled eider)
- Stichopus chloronotus Brandt, 1835 (black sea cucumber)
- Trionyx maackii Brandt, 1858 (Chinese softshell turtle)
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Taxon named in his honor
- The Pacific redfin, Pseudaspius brandtii is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, chubs, true minnows and related fishes. It is found from the Siberian Pacific Coast through coastal Japan.
- Myoxocephalus brandtii (Steindachner 1867) the snowy sculpin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is found in the northwest Pacific, with a range extending from the Sea of Okhotsk to Hokkaido and the Sea of Japan.
- The Kura loach, Oxynoemacheilus brandtii (Kessler 1877) also known as the Caspian sportive loach, is an Asian species of freshwater fish, occurring in the drainage basin of the Kura in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iran.
- Serrasalmus brandtii Lütken 1875