Mental health in Palestine

Demographics

2022 Palestinians' Psychological Conditions Survey (PPCS)

In 2022, a study was conducted by the World Bank Group, in collaboration with the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, International Security and Development Center, and Zentrum Überleben, which aimed to understand the intersection of various factors which contribute to poor mental health among Palestinians. This has been described as the first nationally representative survey on this topic. The study was conducted on a representative sample of 5,876 Palestinian adults from Gaza and the West Bank, who were assessed using a number of questionnaires.

Depression

58% of the participants met the diagnostic threshold for depression. Among participants from Gaza, 71% met the criteria for depression, while the prevalence was 50% for participants from the West Bank, which is roughly 10 times higher than the global average. The severity of depression symptoms did not differ significantly between men and women. The prevalence of depression was strongly associated with perceived poverty.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

7% of the participants met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, with little difference in prevalence reported between participants from Gaza and the West Bank. While this figure is lower than the prevalence obtained by previous studies, this has been attributed to previous studies conducting research in the immediate aftermath of a crisis.

2022 Save the Children report

In 2022, Save the Children released a report titled "Trapped", which involved interviewing 488 children and 160 parents and caregivers to assess the impact which the blockade of the Gaza Strip has had on the children's mental health. 80% of the children reported experiencing emotional distress, 59% reported engaging in self-harm and 55% reported experiencing suicidal ideation.

Israel–Hamas war

Weeks of continuous air strikes and explosions have contributed to the psychological destruction of children in Gaza. Following 16 days of bombardment, children developed severe trauma, with symptoms including convulsion, aggression, bed-wetting, and nervousness. 90% of children in pediatric hospitals in Gaza exhibited or reported symptoms of anxiety, the majority exhibited post-traumatic stress symptoms, and 82% reported fears of imminent death. On 6 November, UNICEF spokesman Toby Fricker warned of the psychological impacts and "massive stress" experienced by children in Gaza. On 17 November, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated 20,000 people were in need of specialized mental health services. On 9 January 2024, OCHA reported 485,000 people with mental health issues were experiencing care disruption. In March 2024, a U.S. doctor stated it appeared the Israeli military "purposely bomb by night for the psychological effect on people".